Mao Zedong 's Thought And Practice Of Mass Line After The Founding

The Chinese Communist Party with Mao Zedong as the main representative apply Marxist mass view creatively to the Chinese revolution and construction which forms The Mass Line theory of the unique Chinese characteristics. It is the essence of the party’s vitality, credibility, leadership execution. Therefore the party must be absolutely determined to adhere to the Mass Line and promote the innovation and development of the theory constantly considering the new era background and historical conditions.Research on Mao’s Mass Line of thought, especially in his later years of thought and practice, not only is the basic requirements to better adhere and develop the Party’s Mass Line under the new historical conditions, but also has important significance to promote the strategic plan to comprehensively deepen reform and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Mao’s thought and practice of the Mass Line in his later years goes through a tortuous process of development history. This historical process includes the development and retrogression two aspects where the development focuses on the theory and practice exploration of The Mass Line of Mao and the zigzag means his understanding and implementation of The Mass Line deviate from the track and step into the errors over the Great Leap Forward, and then they are revised in the adjustment period and have been implemented well, however, during the Cultural Revolution they suffer a devastating destruction and can be described in name only.Mao has a wealth of theoretical exploration and practice on the Mass Line in his later years. In theory, first he emphasizes ruling must follow the Mass Line leadership methods; second he deepens the understanding of the scientific connotation of The Mass Line; third he points out that the people are the main cause of socialism; forth he profoundly interprets the concrete manifestation of The Mass Line on the economic, the social and the political fields. In the economic field, the first is to rely on the masses to achieve industrialization, maintain and develop the fundamental interests of the people; the second is to balance overall and meet people’s requirement of immediate material interests; the third is to implement "the two parameters changed three combination" in the enterprise. In the social field to adhere to the Mass Line is to handle the contradictions among the people correctly. In Mao’s view, correctly dealing with contradictions among the people and adhering to the mass line have intrinsic consistency and it is the problem to uphold the Mass Line to correctly handle contradictions among the people. In the political field, there are three main forms to adhere to the Mass Line. First, it is necessary to adhere to democratic centralism, since it has internal consistency with the Mass Line. Second, resolutely fight against bureaucracy, because it completely departure from the party’s mass route; Third, achieve the dominant position of the power of the masses, to entitle them directly or indirectly to participate in state power.Mao’s practical explorations on the Mass Line in his later years focus on to guarantee the implement of the Mass Line in practice in the form of system and actively implement these systems. After the victory of the revolution, the improvement of the living environment and the control of state power provide a good material basis for the construction and implementation of the system. Rules and regulations to guarantee the implementing of The Mass Line have been established where the research system, the cadre to participate in the labor system and system of casing are the ones which are more representative and have more era characteristics. The majority of the system is still in the preliminary stages of the ideas and practices with greater instability and non-normative. In addition, at the time when class struggle is abnormal sharp, Mao’s efforts and tries to construct systems has been watered down. Also it lacks the tradition for system construction in China, and institutional construction explores the theme that itself serves to class struggle. Therefore, Mao’s construction and practice of the Mass Line system in his later years have great limitations. But Mao’s exploration and some useful ideas in his practices of exploring the construction of the system cannot be denied.However, there are some limitations even mistakes in Mao’s Mass Line thought and exploration in his later year. One is to mistakenly believe the Mass Line is equivalent to the mass movement. The other is that he not always adhered to unity of the leadership of the party and the subjectivity of the masses. Overall, these limitations or mistakes are, first, due to the influence of the thought of the "left" that some mistakes appeared in theory lead to the practice mistakes; second, because of the influence of the complicated social factors. Although the theory is correct, it departs from the theory in practice resulting in the mistakes. As Deng Xiaoping said, the mistakes and lessons like experience are our valuable wealth of thoughts which requires us to analyze comprehensively and objectively Mao’s Mass Line thought and practice in his later years with a realistic scientific attitude and have a correct view of the experiences and lessons. We need pay attention to three points. First, analyze dialectically and absorb critically Mao’s Mass Line thought and practice in his later years. Second, recognize that Mao’s mistakes in his later years practicing Mass Line are mistakes in exploration. Third, evaluate Mao’s mistakes comprehensively in his life merits.The current Chinese Communist Party is still in the process of transition from a revolutionary party to a ruling party, and how to implement the Party’s Mass Line to real people’s interests is still an important issue of the party’s long-term thinking, which is not only one of the factors to examine whether the transition is realized really, but also the basis for achieving the transition. Mao’s Mass Line thought in his later years forms in the background the revolutionary party transforms to the ruling party. Although with a strong era color and reflecting some of the characteristics of the revolutionary era, the useful explorations, even the imitations and mistakes can help us to consider how to implement the Party’s Mass Line better. Reflection on Mao’s thought and practice of the Mass Line in his later years tells us that under the condition of the ruling to practice the Mass Line, the following must be done:first, do the organic unity of governing for people, pragmatism and incorruptness; second, combine the leadership of the party with relying on the masses closely; third, constantly innovate the ways to contact the masses; fourth, adhere to the development of the institutionalization and legalization.