Early Republic's Civil Service System

The system of the civil service is the regulations and organism of the civil se~ce,which arrange, distribute, regulate, keep and exercise the powers and the rights of the administration and enforce the managing activities of the national ad- minisration. The system of the civil service is set up to improve the political and professional qualities of the personal in the government institution, strengthen the commanding system of the government, enforce the building of civil administra- tion,overcome the bureaucracy and improve the effeciency of the administration. In the early Republic of China, all the civil service got some achievements in a period and a special scope and produced great affection, which not only finished the situation in which after the new reforms the system of the civil service was demolished, the new system of the civil service had not been established, and the management of the system was in di~rder,but also established the ealiest system of the civil service, basically finished the transaction from the feudal system of the civil service whose character was the bestowing to the modern system of the civil service,primarily established the legal provisions of the civil service and affected the system of the government of NanSing and even the TaiWan province greatly. It will benefit the reforms of the political system, the punihment of the decay of the officials and the building of the system of the civil service to study the stystem of the civil service of the early Republic of China and conclude the experience and lessons of it. The first part of the thesis is to state the historic cause of the forming of the system of the civil service of the early Republic of China. As the main political re- flection of the social superstracture,the birth of the system usually had special so- cial background and the historicnl origins. The system carried out by the regimes of the early Republic of China, which was the deepening and development of the system of the late Qing Dynasty, was establicshed on the basis of the achieve- ments of the reforms of the system of the crvial service of the late Qing Dynasty. It was born in the situation in wich the internal lawful crisis of the Qing govern- ment was inte~ified,with the push of the threatening of the west big powers and hegemony and the necessary key starting cause of the example of the modern civi 桪I? ? lization, and with the affection of the guide of the democratic and political thoughts of modem China, the succession of the system of the civil service of an- cient China and the experience of the system of the civil service of modern west, which somehow had the color of the Chinese body and the western part. The second part is to expound the relationship between Sun ZhongShan and the revolutionary party of the capitalist class and the system of the civil service of the early Republic of China. The revolutionary party with Sun ZhongShan as their leader critisized the decay and darkness of the system of the civil service under the rule of the government of Qing, praised the democratic politics of the west captal- 1st class, especially the modem system of the civil service, advocated legality and opposed the dictatorship,In the process of the opposition of the false constitution- alism of the new reforms of the late Qing, the Revolution of 1911 overthrowing the Qing Dynasty and the construction...