Chinese Urbanization: Regional Differences, The Theoretical Model And The Path Choice

At present, a historic transform of social structure is spreading out on a grand scale in China, which is the urbanization in China. The regional gaps of the level of urbanization will change regularly in the rapid progress of urbanization. There are important point in analyzing the regularity and discussing the way of regional urbanization in China.On the basis of data available, this paper analyzes the regional difference of urbanization in China from three aspects, such as the change of the level of urbanization, the change of density of cities and the change of the speed of the urbanization. Naturally, it comes to a conclusion that the gaps reduce before the reform and the gaps enlarge after the reform. This paper further analyzes the regional difference of urbanization under the same standard of setting up town, and empirically demonstrates that the rapid development of small town is a important factor to result in the change of the regional difference of the level of urbanization after the reform.Human capital and physical capital are two main factors to promote urbanization and two main factors to promote difference of the level of urbanization. Here are assumptions of this paper: 1. Because of migration, the supply of human capital is sufficient relatively to cities, especially to cities in costal areas. Due to the accumulation of human capital, marginal productivity do not decrease. 2.Supply of labors is unlimited to cities, under dual structure and regional gaps of development. The mobility of capital, which is influenced by corresponding government policies, is assumed to be constant in every periods. 3. In cities, investment needs correspondingly proportional labors and the proportions not only are different among regions, but also change according to the technology. 4.The income of a city is divided into consumption of the consumers in the city and investment in the city. The paper deduce the need of labors in cities in a region and further deduce the really scale of labors in these cities. As a result, this paper proves that the gaps of the level of urbanization will change and disperse ultimately when the marginaloutput of labor and the labor capital ratio are different and constant.The theory of regional ways of urbanization under reasonable gaps is put forward on the basis of the theory of balanced development and the theory of imbalanced development. Firstly, this paper gives the three principles of reasonable gaps: l.ragional urbanization must correspond with the regional economic development and industrial development. 2.The regional gaps of urbanization do not lead to over-migration. 3.The regional gaps favor the sustainable urbanization. Further, this paper discuss the ways of urbanization in east, mid and west part of China according to the level of reasonable regional gaps, above-mentioned model, and reality of China.