| Although our government has conducted many works in improving rural ecology and environment and achieved great achievements, contamination and ecology in most regions can not be ameliorated because of various reasons, or even worse to some extent. Contamination and ecological damaged or deteriorated has become the most important factor for developing economics and society in some areas.There are many reasons for these statuses, such as natural factors and human factors. Further, human factors include economic factors and social, cultural factors. We can not control pure natural factors, for example earthquake, volcano eruption. But human factors can be solved by human wholly. The low farmers' income is the main reason for deteriorating ecology and environment, namely fanners do not have material basis for improving and protecting ecology and environment. Social or cultural factors are not only complicated but also the real reasons. Quickly increasing population, plundering behaviors, imperfect systems are only the results of farmers' or government's ideology. Quickly increase of population has both economic background and social or cultural background. But, all in all, they are all accumulation of old culture. For example, the plundering behaviors are produced by the thinking model of utilitarianism; imperfect of policy, law, and regulation result from that government and leaders do not pay too much importanceon ecology and environment; the scientific problems are limited by the level of sciences and technology.In the final analysis, the real reason of deteriorating rural ecology and environment is lack of environmental protecting ideology. According to income and education, from Chinese conditions, the protecting ideology of environment can be fell into five stages: low stage of having no ideology, high stage of having no ideology, hidden stage of having ideology, having ideology and high stage of having ideology.(1) Low stage of having no ideology has so many characters: having no security of basic survival, or just feed up, depending on natural conditions, having less education or illiteracy. In this stage, even if they are educated reluctantly environmental ideology they can not protect environment, or they are afraid of economic fine and policy pressure.(2)High stage of having no ideology refers to those people: having enough food and cloth, low education, taking cutting trees and establishing high contaminating industries as the way of making rich. During this stage, there is only "money in the minds of these people. They still have no ideology of protecting environment. Furthermore, economic fine and policy pressure has no use on them.(3)Hidden stage of having ideology includes the people who have some education, although they do not possess enough food and cloth. In this stage, the important thing in their mind is also survival. But they dolittle damage to environment, or protect environment passively.(4)Having ideology means that the people have enough food and cloth and high level of education. They can protect environment actively and need no economic fine or policy pressure.(5)High stage of having ideology is the ideal stage. In this stage, the people have both high level of living standard and high level of education. They not only possess high level of protecting ideology but also invest in environmental industries, such as administering river, controlling sand, deducting contamination etc.Chinese farmers are in the first to third stages. The stages Chinese government has gone since the foundation of the People's Republic of China are complex. But it is in high stage in the present time.To solve the ecological and environmental problems of Chinese countryside, the key is to upgrade the ideological stage of residents, government and scientists. The detail work includes the following. Firstly, to increase farmers' income, control rural population, upgrade farmers' education level. Secondly, strengthen ideological education and let leaders and ordinal people have... |
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