The Evolution Of The Modern Civil Rights Concept And Analysis

As a considerably important concept in the modern history of Chinese political thought, "Civil Rights" is a comprehensive item. It based on the democratic ideology .absorbing elite coming from both the Chinese traditional and western political thought. Civil Rights in Chinese'situation had special implication that not only related to but also distinguished from the normally recognized values such as democracy .human rights .freedom .equality .and so on .The ideas of Civil Rights rooted in the urgent need during the process of Chinese democratic revolution .not only provided with the theoretical explanation .proof and instruction for the national-democratic revolution of Chinese society of semi-colonial and semi-feudalism but also promoted quickly the process of Chinese political modernization.Various kinds of ideas about Civil Rights had been presented by people with high ideals generation after generation .The following are some most significant schools and thinkers: the Early Reformist ,the Reformist .the Capitalist Revolutionist led by Sun Yat-sen , Radials before the May 4th movement and early Marxist .the Third Party .the Civil Rights Schools, Capitalist Democrats .and Mao Ze-dong .The thread of the Civil Rights' evolution is just like that :From the compromise of the Civil with the Monarch ,to constitutional Monarchy, to parliamentary republic ,to complete personality independence, to direct Civil Rights ,to revolution by the common people, to the People's Congress Council and People's Democratic Dictatorship.The ideas of Chinese modern civil rights had featured the following characteristics: Utilitarianism , Idealism , and Collectism. Civil Rights were considered the tool of saving the country from destruction, thus consideration for their external function overcome consideration for their inner value. More and more radical and ideal nature was paid to them under an urgent feeling .Civil Rights were considered to be collective rights which limited individual rights whose physical realization based on personal status. The characteristics of Civil Rights were dependent on the international settings, political situation, social structure, social-economic formation, cultural tradition and social feeling, etc. The construction of democracy political system was far from what can be accomplished at one stroke , on the contrast it depended on series of complicated prerequisite and preparation . Civil Rights Revolution paved the way of the construction of democracy ,and cannot be regarded as the substitute for it. In all ,to achieve its expected goal .political modernization must based on native cultural and traditional resources .adapt itself to special demands of national political development in different historical periods, and draw on the experience of other countries at suitable occasion.