Rational Pluralism And Political Justice - Rawls Political Liberalism Study

This thesis has four charters excluding the preface and the conclusion:The first charter mainly studies the basis of Raw Is' theory of"Political Liberalism" : "A Theory of Justice" . To study "PoliticalLiberalism" , we should begin with "A Theory of Justice" in that theformer inherits the core of the latter while changes only the domain ofits application.The second charter lays great emphasis on the analysis of the reason that Rawls revises his ethics of the theory of justice: the reasonable pluralism. From "A theory of Justice" to "political Liberalism" , the philosopher remolds the essence of his theory thoroughly, which makes the theory not as a kind of ethics but as a kind of political philosophy, it is the reasonable pluralism that gives'rise to the change.The third charter analyses the political construction of the Justice As Fairness systematically: Political Liberalism. Facing "the reasonable pluralism" , Rawls begins to draw a distinction between moral philosophy and political philosophy on his theory of justice in his book "Political Liberalism" , the key step of which is to transform the previous ethical conception of justice into a political conception of justice. Concentrating on the political conception of just ice, Political Liberalism consists of the ideas of overlapping consensus, of public reason and of priority of rights.On the basis of the three charters above, 1 make two comments on Rawls1 Political Liberalism: Firstly, this theory is an effort to keep the ideal of the Enlightenment about seeking after liberties and equalities in the face of the reasonable pluralism. Secondly, it is notrealistic that Rawls attempts to avoid conflicts of diversified comprehensive doctrines in the public political field.To sum up, Rawls' theory of political liberal ism is a kind of response of politics to the fact of the reasonable pluralism.