| Chinese urban residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living is an urban social assistance constitution that is of great Chinese characteristics. It is a result of social development, and it is also an important symbol of the modern civilization. It is called the "safety net" and "stablizer" of the society. Shanghai set up the first Urban Residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living in June 1993. The State Council enacted announcement on setting up Urban Residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living in China in September 1997 and in September 1999, the State Council enacted the Ordinance on Urban Residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living. Huaihua tried to apply Urban Residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living in July 1997, and the recipients increased to 31000. From July 2001, the counties ,cities and districts of Huaihua enhanced a detailed investigation, and grasped the actual number of the poor, so the recipients increased to 108325 .By this time, those who should be protected by this constitution were really enrolled. The implementation of this constitution secured the basic living standard of the poor in Huaihua, and it also stabilized the development of Huaihua, secured the reformation of the economic constitution.Huaihua is a western city of China, and its economy and finance are somewhat poor. Due to the short time practice and some wrong views, especially short of financial power, in practice of Urban Residential Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living, they not only count quasi-income of those working people or lay-off workers and unemployed, but also count quasi-income of those healthy working-aged people despite of their working status. And these practices narrow the range of security intentionally. Because of poor finance, they set up a lower security standard, and it cannot secure the basic life of those recipients, especially those families with poor health persons, main-labor falling ill, or with children who are at school. Huaihua now just has a maintaining finance, so she cannot arrange the corresponding half of the security money, so the practical strategy is to win over the appropriation from the central government and the province and then to consider the corresponding money that she should arrange. Thus the average odds distribution to the recipients is naturally low. Nowadays, the legislationalization of Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living is relatively lagged, and it also lacks of perfect institute and good working conditions. All these shortcomings cannot fix in with the more and more heavier task of the Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living.So it's an urgent task to improve and reform Scheme of Minimum Standard ofLiving. We should not only improve the constitutional framework, but also draw a scientific minimum standard of living standard. If the assistance from the government can just maintain the survival of those poor, it can do no good to help them to get out from poverty, so we should implement some developmental poverty alleviation measures and increase educational inputs so as to improve their human resources. We should also improve current financial appropriation system, and increase the proportion held by the central government and province. We should stipulate individual income tax to be special financial resource in order to secure the money of Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living in those poor areas. We should also improve social supervision system and set up a nongovernmental social supervision committee on Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living to manage those relevant matters such as indictment and administrative disposal. We should set up perfect and effective working dynamics on Scheme of Minimum Standard of Living, and make this work professionalized, legislationalized and networked. Last but least, we should encourage social benevolent activities and make full use of those civil philanthropy groups, so as to make it a social program and encourage all people to participate in this social assistance activity. |
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