| City is the quintessence of mankind's civilization and the community's development, condensing of the progress, routes and features of history, politics,economy, culture and national belief in the course of city's development, along with the brand of the age. With the natural evolution, the communal replacement and the accumulating of wealth, today's city has become the center of politics, economy, culture and science and technology's development in a country or a central of messages. City, as an objective being, has brought a lot of problems and perplexities as well as endless prosperity and dreams to mankind.For many years, every state has been valuing the research in city increasingly, and doing his best to look for the sound strategy that develops and drives the city. We can see that urbanization in china started late with slow speed and low development, and it has a big gap comparing with the world's average urbanization level, and the lagging of the urbanization has affected and counteracted China's pace of social economy development. Since implementing the opening and reform policy, Chinese socialism market economy has been continuously developed and matured, and our urbanization course has enjoyed quite great development. However, for so a long period, Chinese urbanization has disobeyed regular urbanization pattern and has carried on with urbanization: on the target, act as the target with the country changed into the city purely, putting up many kinds of doors to block up peasants'changing into city's people; driven as a result of on, it merely is government benefit and achievement 's driving, leading to essential factors of production precipitation and waste; on the measure, compel the promotion only by means of subjective desire and the administration measure of government; on the result, lead to the inefficient resources even to the extent that carries on the minus effect and employment, a great quantity of peasants are out of work and lose territory, and the binary composition of town and country solidifies. So Chinese urbanization development pace is much later than industrialization;the continuous, quick and healthy development of Chinese economy and community is seriously conditioned by.At present, Chinese urbanization condition is severe as before, the mission is also hard as before, the "Three farming" problem is puzzling Chinese urbanization, peasants'revenue is not high, the fanning industrialization pace is slow, and the valid demand of countryside market place is defective, it is urgent by means of speeding up the urbanization to increase the town and country consuming and demand;to transfer surplus labor force from country to city;to accelerate the farming industrialization and modernization pace.The essay aims at the projecting problem of Chinese urbanization, perseveres in the scientific view of development of starting out all for human's benefit,and the view of harmonious,complete and sustainable development,proposes some active,practical and operative solutions and measures so as to exert some help on the construction of Chinese urbanization,and serve to general situation of our country's reformation development and steadiness.For many years, there has been a lot of research fruit on urbanization.For instance: the theory of big,middle and small city developing in harmony, the town and country harmonizing developing theory, the theory of industrialization and urbanization synchronously developing, the theory of population, resources and environment developing continuously,etc.These theory fruits are undoubtedly utmost important and active on Chinese urbanization.But most researchers are still used to regarding and researching urbanization problem from their own territory,have overlooked starting out all from human's benefit,and have not established the scientific view of harmonious ^ complete and continuous developing yet,paying little attention to accelerating the complete development of economy,community and people. Secondly, far more acute research is in view of some stresses problem of one period, lacking the long term synthetic consideration, as to the city scale problem, in the middle 1980s, as the country's surplus labor force problem is stressed, many scholars insist that priority should be given to the middle and small city, or the small city and town, in order to transfer peasants on the spot; henceforth, aiming at the effect of assembly and radiation of small cities and towns is low and the problem is stressed increasingly, many scholars insist that priority should be given to the big city once more, and Chinese urbanization of ought to give priority to the way of the big and middle city's enlarging containment.Thirdly,most researchers are adept in the inheritance, emulation, but not in the innovation, simply copying the external structure pattern, wrongly considering that tremendous building standing like a forest, great street, great public square and greatmarketplace are the modernized sign, and then propose constructing high building groups, broad street, great public square which is so-called modernization; some scholars advocate reforming the bygone city by means of pulling down and reconstruction completely, a lot of historical culture inheritantly suffers grave damage.Still many researchers deal with a matter on its merit, urbanization is talked about in the urbanization, without starting out from the actual condition of China, and can not propose practicable urbanization countermeasure.The essay thinks that the urbanization is a systematic, dynamic and synthetic project;we must persevere in starting out all from human's benefit, establish scientific view of development, carry forward urbanization in accordance with the urbanization regular pattern, do our best to look for a right way that Chinese urbanization is developed. At present,there is still little in these respects' researching.This essay is divided into four sections:In the first section,the thesis chiefly expounds some basic theory about the city, urbanization scientific view of development,along with the misunderstanding about the urbanization.City as a form of organization of assembly and living of mankind, is a historical category, and it is the result that the community and production gets developing up to the specific phase, it is also the result of three dividing the work in mankind community.With the the continuous advancement and development of community, the city becomes the main carrier and original place for human civilization increasingly, and the developing process of the city is at the same time the process of the civilization accumulation,conforming and inheriting.The city is a heart of politics,economy,community,education,culture,message and administration of the specific district.Urbanization is the process that changes the population of country into the population of city, or the process that the population is centralized to the city; it is also the process that a country or an area's property and population is collected with the promotion of industrialization and marketplace; and it is the process that the economic composition,the composition in city and country,the community composition is gradually changed from the binary, the plurality to single one.Urbanization,as one significant page of mankind's city community development history, has to display with starting out all from human's benefit artificially originally, but in order to finish it, wehave to persevere in the scientific view of development;we need to regard the development in city and country, the development in area, the development of economy and community, the harmonious development of nature and human, the domestic development and open policy as a whole, and accelerate the complete development of human and the economy and the community.The second section chiefly studies developing progress,features of world urbanization,and finds out world urbanization experience's revelation to china. Urbanization in world started from the industry revolution of the middle of the 18th century, After about 250 years, the urbanization has become aglobal appearance, with the continuous carrying forward of industrialization in the whole world,obvious acceleration of urbanization progress has taken place in the world, because of the fact that the economical developing level and industrialize developing process is strong or weak, every state's urbanization progress is very not unanimous yet, the urbanization development presents ( synchronical urbanization , over urbanization , under urbanization, against urbanization) ,the four kinds of distinct patterns, and it has the obvious disparity, the city's merit transform the industrial mould into the man's native mould.The inspiration to China from world urbanization experience is: giving up the way of overlooking farming,the urbanization has to synchronously carry forward with the industrialization;the way of overlooking environment quality cannot be given, the government supporting pattern should be carryed on with popular supporting pattern at the same time, the connotation urbanization and the denotation urbanization should be closely united, the concentrating pattern and the decentralizing pattern must be formed into a complete system.The third section expounds the Chinese urbanization progress and the problem that is confronted with.More than 50 years after our country was founded,Chinese urbanization has udergone one hard, complicated, endless and complex process, in the past 50 years,the Chinese urbanization strategy and policy has gone along with the progress of urbanization and against the correlative complicated thinking on people's urbanization strategy.Chinese urbanization has acquired achievements of attracting worldwide attention;nevertheless scientific view of development has not been started out all from human's benefit,the traditional system and economy developing level also affects Chinese urbanization, Chinese urbanization is still confronted with some... |
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