After The Cold War, The United Nations In Maintaining World Peace,

The United Nations is an international organization that was founded to avoid war by many countries of the world after the Second World War. It has undertaken the responsibility of maintaining world peace since its foundation. After the cold war the conflicts concealed under the two poles pattern were more obvious with continual local conflicts and the world peace still faces different kinds of challenges. The UN collective security mechanism still exerts the important function of maintaining world peace. Many scholars have researched the UN's function of maintaining world peace from different aspects and brought different viewpoints and have acquired many important investigation fruits. This paper is based on researching these fruits and combines international relation theories involved realism, idealism, neorealism and neoliberalism as well as the present international political actuality, analyzes main peacekeeping behavior of the UN after the cold war, researches the factors of restricting the UN's maintenance of world peace, forecasts the prospects for the UN's maintenance of world peace, and finally puts forward that China should do something worthwhile to promote the UN's maintenance of world peace.This paper mainly expounds from three parts.Ⅰ. The UN's Maintenance of World Peace Behavior after the Cold War After the cold war, the UN has made many efforts on maintaining world peace. It has acquired some achievements, but it still faces many difficulties.In the peacekeeping field, the UN has done a lot of work on promoting negotiation, supervising ceasefire, rebuilding after war and nestling refugee and has exerted active effect on controlling and abating region conflicts. But with the passing of time, a serious of problems have appeared in the peacekeeping field, including the outlay plight, safety problem of the peacekeeping personnel and the directing thought puzzle. The UN has suffered many frustrations in the specific peacekeeping process.In the army controlling and disarmament field, the effect and status of the UN have strengthened obviously and the multi-disarmament has evolved. The UN put forward different kinds of army controlling and disarmament proposals through the way of convening meetings to call on different countries in the world to cut the home military expenditure. At the same time, the UN has taken many disarmament actions through disarmament institutions and negotiation institutions and has acquired some achievements. But at present many countries of the world are still in the state of developing armament constantly and the assignments of international army controlling and disarmament are very difficult and complex.After the cold war, the UN has strengthened the anti-terrorism force. For example, supplying legal foundation for anti-terrorism, propagandize and mobilize for the anti-terrorism, building special anti-terrorism institutions and actively promoting anti-terrorism activities. But the UN hasn't taken the leading role in the anti-terrorism activities and hasn't established integrate anti-terrorism treaty system and its anti-terrorism means also has some flaws. The terrorism isn't weakened and instead is assuming severer current.Ⅱ. Factors that Restrict the UN's Maintenance of World PeaceIn the system arrangement aspect, the anarchy of international systems, the actualization of Realpolitik, the unbalance of international power and the present situation of world culture structure decide the localization of the UN's maintenance of world peace. First, after the cold war, the fundamental structure of the international system hasn't been changed and the international society is still in the state of anarchy, which decides that UN, the global international organization, is facing up to the"combating jungle"in which the main body is sovereign states. Its function is limited in solving conflicts among sovereign states that is its power source. Secondly, as the international society is in the state of anarchy, the international system is inevitable the self-help system, which must have led to Realpolitik. Inside the UN, the reality of Realpolitik affects its function exertion; outside the UN, some big countries and regional international organizations restrict the UN, which is also the manifestation of Realpolitik. Thirdly, the unbalance of international power contrast weakens the international effectiveness of the UN. It mainly embodies two aspects: one is the power unbalance of big countries and small countries; the other is the power unbalance of big countries. Both the two kinds of unbalance go against the normal exertion of the UN's function. At last, the present situation of the world cultural structure is hindering the smooth operation of the UN. At present, the international society has cultural differences between developed countries and developing countries and has notion differences among internal western countries as well. Besides, there are cognitive bumps based on different faith and history traditions. All of these go against the development of international cooperation.In the cell arrangement aspect, the factors that influence the UN's function mainly include limitations of the UN's own mechanism, challenge of America and status ascension of regional international organization. The UN is founded after the Second World War and the international situation has changed a lot after the cold war, the UN mechanism has lagged behind to some extent. All its decision-making mechanism, execution mechanism, law mechanism have limitations, which affect its function exertion. The UN is also facing up to double challenges of the US: controlling the mechanism operation inside the UN, threatening the mechanism outside the UN. In addition, the status ascension of the regional international organizations like NATO and G8 has handicapped the UN and go against the exertion of the UN's function.Ⅲ. Prospects for the UN's Maintenance of World PeaceThe future development of the UN will not only be influenced by the power contrast among sovereign states, but also by the development of non-state acting systems. The international system in the state of anarchy is severely restricting the exertion of the UN's function, different outside powers are challenging the UN's authority and there are many flaws in the UN's own mechanism. In the near future, the above-mentioned situation won't be changed thoroughly and the UN's maintenance of world peace will go into a difficult adjusting period.But more and more countries have recognized the UN's status and function, so America cannot control the UN completely and it depends on the UN to some extent. Along with the development of globalization and multi-polarization, the UN will have more democratic ingredients, its principles and rules will be more consummate and impartial, and its source status of the international society validity will be firmer. In the long run, the function of the UN's maintenance of the world peace will be stronger.At last, the main viewpoints of this paper is summed up and based on this, it is put forward that our country should actively promote the healthy development of the UN, maintain the UN's authority, restrict America's unilateralism through the UN's mechanism, strengthen the comprehensive national power, and advance the ability to exert function in the UN to main the world peace much better.