The Social Capital Perspective Of China's Democratic And Political Construction

Social capital theory is rising and has a deep extension with the last couple of decades. Contemporary research the social capital from Boride, then Coleman, Putnam and other scholars' efforts, gradually enabling the social capital theorization and causing wide spreading concern. As researchers use this concept from the different aspects, so the definition of social capital iswidely divided. Although the concept of social capital in the definition also inconsistent, in theory is not mature and empirical research is still not deep enough, but the concept has a strong performance of explanation, and has become a popular concept and important starting point in many disciplines and also become an important interdisciplinary thought. Social capital put emphasis on organizational networks, norms, and trust, stress that the basic way to form the social capital by civic exchanges, communication and participation. It is of great significance to social stability and development. At present, major research topics placed in the face of political science or political sociology such as the function of government, the relationship between the state and society, the rule of the legitimacy of political, civic participation, system innovation, social norms, social trust and social solidarity, are closely linked with the social capital. The concept of social capital provides an effective tool for the analysis and interpretation paradigmon these issues. At resent domestic and foreign scholars mainly from the perspective of economics, sociology, and anthropology to study social capital and less in political science to study the issue. This paper will be mainly from the perspective of political science to examine the relationship between social capital and the building of democratic politics.In this paper, a Marxist materialism and dialectics as a base, the integrated use of social capital, the government theory, political participation, political culture, and other related theoretical knowledge. By literature analysis, I learn in others the results of research, with examples of social capital on the current situation and the impact of China's democracy building. During the course of the study, I want to be realistic analysis of the existing problems, and put forward policy proposals. Following the theory with reality, and the principle of logic combining history, strive to make the article has some practical significance.Social capital exists in the social structure, and affords facilitated resources for members of the society, such as specific activities of the transactions and collaboration, which including trust, networks and practices, values and other forms. Among them, trust, organizational networks and values constitute the social capital of the three basic elements. It is an important factor to affect China's democratic development. Social capital can promote economic development, and build a material foundation for the building of democratic politics, it can effectively reduce the transaction costs and reduce the market objective rational ignorance, to avoid or overcome people's opportunism and arbitrary acts, and enhance the economic activities of the predictability, thereby saving transaction costs. Social capital can develop the civic identity of the political system. Political rule is based on legitimacy; legitimacy comes from the citizens and the political trust, the trust of citizens in political high note a high degree of legitimacy, on the contrary, the low level of legitimacy. Social capital can develop the civic participation in the political cooperation and the quality of civic culture of tolerance and the spirit of compromise. In a modern society, a strong civic participation organization can express the interests of citizens, the interests of the focus on a variety of channels. Every citizen through their network and convey the requirements, aspirations, criticisms, and views to the government so that the government can fully understand the needs of the population and the default of their services, and then make the right decisions, and improve their own services. In addition, the government through this channel can also communicate with the public, convey their views to the people, strengthen the benign interaction between the government and the citizens, and promote the social affairs management. People participate in various community organizations, which can constraint the individual acts and learn mutual cooperation and solidarity. Therefore, the social capital as a positive factor will play an irreplaceable role in the social development, the building of socialist democratic politics. At present, China in a period of social transition, with the continuous enhancement of market forces, eliminate the identity of the people of traditional hierarchy, with the interests of the continuous adjustments resulted in many new social strata, breaking the traditional social structure model, modern civic awareness gradually raise. However, the current status quo, the shortage of integrity, s, non-standard social organization network, participation in the political culture of the shortcomings of our present stage of the building democratic politics will cause some negative consequences. Lack of credibility of the government not only has been severely disr(?)pted the social credit system, but also enabled the m(?)sses have a crisis of confidence in the government. an irregular social organization networks, the low level of internal management and participation in the political culture of scarcity, would hinder citizens orderly participation in politics. In order to get out the crisis, it is necessary to explore development of modern social capital stock to design an effective way to promote democracy-building difficulties of the road. First, we must establish a good image of the government integrity, credibility nurture social capital. According to law to administration, restrict the powers of the government, and strengthen the service awareness of government, and promote administrative reform and build the credibility of the institutional framework, strengthen public opinion and the news media in supervision and establish the open administration system, strengthen the communication between government and citizens. Secondly, it is necessary to regulate social organizations and promote the network of social capital development. The government should provide necessary financial assistance to the development of social organizations, speed up the establishment of a set of laws, rules and regulations for non-governmental organizations, and absorb talents to enhance social organization of self-management capabilities. Finally, by fostering participatory political culture, promote the building of democratic politics. We need to inherit the traditional Chinese political culture of outstanding achievements, such as patriotism, collectivism, and the thinking of the people, harmony and order, and these ideas are still the spiritual wealth of rare and ideological origins in the building of participation political culture. We also need to continue to absorb the essence of Western political culture, such as the concept of human rights, constitutional powers and the concept of balances system, respect for individual freedom and democracy, equality and so on. The most important thing is to actively guide the member orderly participation in politics. We should vigorously develop the economy and education, and improve the ability to participate in an orderly manner and perfect relevant laws and regulations, provide legal protection for expanding citizens orderly political participation, actively expand the channels of political participation.