Research On The Status And Role In The Foreign Trade Of China's Ngo

From the perspective of international actor multiplization theory, with a globalization background, this article tries to conduct an observation on the influence, role and weakness of Chinese NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in foreign trade and cooperation, and provide some suggestions for further development of NGOs in China.Based on defining of intension and extension of NGOs concept, the article gives a brief induction and analysis on NGO's characteristics. As revealed hereon, NGOs refer to the social entities and organizations that are independent of governments, non-profitable and in pursuit of public welfare voluntarily. They generally share the basic characteristic: independency of government and enterprise, non-profitable orientation of public welfare, voluntariness derived from common value, and legitimacy entitled by legal compliance.With a review of the NGOs theory in literatures of realism, neo-realism, liberalism, neo-liberalism and global governance theory, this article reveals that the western international relation theory has evolved from a "nation-focused theory" to an "actor multiplization theory", and the multiplization of international actor becomes one part of the main-stream in contemporary international relations. As one of the main part in international society, NGO plays a key role in political, economic, cultural, as well as security fields.With the case study of NGOs participation in negotiation and implementation of "Kyoto Protocol", and the role of Shanghai WTO Affairs Consultation Center (SCC/WTO) in Shanghai's adaptation to WTO rules and commitments, this article offers a detailed analysis on the role, status, influence and weakness of various NGOs in international relations and China's foreign trade and economic cooperation.This article argues that, in a transitional period accompanied by the challenges and opportunities of globalization, China stands in an advancing process of reform and opening. Given the multiplization of economic structure, polarization of social delamination, and democratization of civil politics, it has been possible for NGOs to achieve further development in China. As a result, the NGOs in China have seen a rapid evolution and their participation have extended from domestic affairs to international ones. In the field of foreign trade and economic cooperation, especially, NGOs have provided not only a supplement to governmental functions, but also a channel between enterprise and government, which is helpful for development of the socialist market economy. On the other hand, due to the uniqueness of China' socialist market economy, the NGOs in China have a "semi-governmental" characteristic. Acting as NGOs in international affairs and involving domestically in public welfare affairs, some of them, however, also receive financial support from government. It is a new task for China to regulate and steer the development of this kind of organizations.To address this issue, this article provides the following suggestions:1) To alleviate government support and enhance civil involvement.a. To develop a cooperation partnership between NGOs and government sector. Establishing a new cooperative relationship instead of administrative subordination with government, NGOs in China can change its governmental financing from financial appropriation to project entrusting.b. To improve organizational management ability. Through producing a reasonable evaluation system, scientific management method, and self-regulation standard, NGOs in China can increase their self-management capability to a new stage.2) To enhance government function transformation and enlarge the field of NGOs' involvement.a. To facilitate legislation and regulation. It's necessary to define legally the relationship between government and NGOs through legislation on status of NGOs. With regard to regulation, the approval system should be phased out, and replaced with a system of registration, plus a relevant binding mechanism, to make use of social monitoring function.b. To extend relations with international society and involve actively into various communications, in pursuit of assisting development of NGOs in China with new experiences and momentum.c. To speed up transformation of government functions and leave more space for NGOs development. Through reasonable authorization and efficient function division, it will be possible for NGOs to transform from being a government supplement to a mutual actor and monitor for government, and help to achieve a socialist democratic polity with a characteristic of good-governance and public participation.