John Fisher, Naval Reform

Britain has the magnificent history. Moreover, the royal navy was considered as a important prop supports to Great Britain. However, the initial ten years in the 20th century, the West Industrial Revolution has been completed, which bring the technical transformation give the navy of various countries by the violent impact. Rising of the marine powers and the swift and violent development military technology as well as the weakness of Britain, all this causes the royal navy which has controlled the world ocean over one hundred year fall into a serious crisis. The overriding problem for British defense planners was the insufficiency of central government finance. Financial limitation was a symptomatic of Britain's decline as an economic and industrial power, and in the final three or four decades of the nineteenth century its position as a first-class industrial power shrank rapidly, when other nations overtook it in various fields of industry and technology. Especially Germany's threat was more serious. How can will the Victoria time later period the numerous and disorderly extremely fat obsolete fleet drive into the new century and continues strong. Making a empire shield of the navy revolution was unavoidable.This article mainly discusses John Fisher took the post of the first sea lord of the royal navy after 1904, He thorough reform which carries on to Britain Navy's each domain. Through the unremitting endeavor, he has solved the government finance difficulty, has promoted royal navy's strength, and the royal navy was able to guarantee the sea supremacy in the First World War, thus has gained the final victory. Thus Fisher also becomes one of the most outstanding reformer and chief executives in the Britain Navy history.The total paper consists of three chapters:Chapter one : It mainly introduced the background before Fisher take the position. After the second Industrial Revolution, the navy of countries has been changed greatly, especially in Britain. A series of reasons made the crisis of the British finance. At the same time, the threat of other countries was serious. Under this condition, in order to maintain the British naval supremacy, it must carry on a resolute revolution to Britain Navy.Chapter two : It mainly introduced the navy reforms content of Fisher. The goal of Fisher reforms was to saves the expenditure, and maintain the supreme status of the royal navy in the country defensive system. Reforms mainly has three items, the deployment naval fleet, the construction new large-scale battleship as well as the flotilla defend plan which proposed based on both of the front.Chapter three : It is an effect of the Fisher reforms, including the British finance, the strategy of navy and the First World War. The reform alleviated the suddenly growth of financial expense, simultaneous, it has promoted the navy battle efficiency.Finally, the conclusion was an overall appraisal to the mammoth navy revolution in the world navy history. The article viewpoint was Fisher reform has brought the fundamental transformation to the royal navy, the naval armament and the technology has had a substantive revolution, which made the royal navy from one obsolete, the low efficiency, obsolete structural transformation to sufficiently frightening war machine which made prepare for war with Germany, moreover it also affected the reform of England's naval strategy. But reform is not all the positive sense, also has certain negative effect to the royal navy.