Research On Evaluation And Optimization Strategy Of High School Students' Physiological Cognitive Structure

Cognitive structure of physics reflects the students’ knowledge storage state of physics and information processing methods of physics cognitive. Measurement, evaluation and optimization of cognitive structure of physics for improving physical teaching effectiveness is of great significance. The concept of cognitive structure of previous definition ignores the dynamic cognitive processing characteristics of cognitive structure; evaluation of cognitive structure in teaching practicality is not high; previous cognitive structure optimization strategy is not based on the cognitive structure evaluation. In order to make up for this deficiency, the paper mainly completed4aspects of work:cognitive structure theory integration, cognitive structure model of physics and evaluation principles, the actual evaluation of cognitive structure of physics cognitive structure and the proposed optimization strategy of cognitive structure of physics and research results obtained are as follows:1. Cognitive structure is the cognitive function of individual, composed of static knowledge storage system and dynamic cognitive processing system, corresponding to the narrow cognition structure and generalized cognitive structure. The narrow cognition structure refers to the knowledge tissue morphology in brain, there are mainly three kinds of representation:code, formula, pattern, characterized by the FIS-PM model. The generalized cognitive structure refers to the information processing mode of individual cognition, mainly divided into three cognitive component classes:cognitive mapping, cognitive operation and cognitive monitoring, available cognitive state model representation. The general characteristics of cognitive structure are:domain, system and individual differences. The features of a good cognitive structure is in8aspects: internal and external discriminative; concept of stability; task adaptability; effectiveness of selection; processing of prudence; process prudent; direction anticipation; the overall balance.2. According to the FIS-PM model, to "particle" as an example, construct the static cognitive structure model of the particle:the physical knowledge distribution map of "particle". According to the cognitive state model, based on the actual physical problem solving as an example, construct the dynamic cognitive structure model of the problem solving:cognitive process model. Based on the construction of cognitive structure model, the author puts forward the method of measurement and evaluation of static cognitive structure and dynamic cognitive structure:diagram of knowledge distribution and similarity method; cognitive process analysis method and state attribute analysis.3. The author implements the measurement of52students by self-made static physical cognitive structure questionnaire and dynamic physical cognitive structure questionnaire and. Application of similarity method and case analysis method to analyze the static physical cognitive structure of "work" of students in the class; application of macro statistics and state property analysis method to analyze the dynamic physical cognitive structure of problems solving of students in the class. Empirical studies show that:(1) The result of data processing can reflect the physical cognitive structure of students, and compared with and students’practical learning;(2) The use of knowledge distribution graph method in measuring static physical cognitive structure need to establish criteria from semantic relations into semantic distance;(3) Cognitive process analysis method needs to be further improved, in order to obtain more information of cognitive processing, and realized the standard evaluation.4. Combining the theory of cognitive structure and the actual physical teaching, the paper puts forward two kinds of optimization strategies of the students’physics cognitive structure.The first kind of optimization strategy from macro-level of physics education and teaching:in the teaching design, teachers’ understanding of the theory of cognitive structure, compiling teaching design of cognitive structure; in the implementation of teaching, physics teachers need to construct the physical situation, respect for the cognition laws of physics, scientific induction of physics knowledge; in teaching evaluation, teachers need to innovation the method of physical cognitive structure, improving the actual teaching effect of evaluation; in teaching remedial, teachers should be based on the results of students’ cognitive structure evaluation, make up and optimize the physical cognitive structure of students; in the teaching archives, teachers should help students to establish development archives of cognitive structure of physics, records problems in the process of physics learning, and actively carry out individualized teaching.The second kind of optimization strategy from micro-level of physics cognitive development:in teaching goal, physical teachers should set clear physics classroom teaching goals; in content of measurement, teachers need to combine classroom teaching and practice, determine two aspects content of measurement in knowledge and cognitive, highlight the key, difficult and error prone; in measurement tools, according to the contents, teachers use scientific measurement of physics cognitive structure, formulate reasonable measurement tools. in data analysis, combined with measuring method and measuring tools, teachers use scientific evaluation method to analysis physics cognitive structure of students; in the optimization scheme, combined with the evaluation results of physics cognitive structure and teaching goal, teachers set up teaching remedial and optimization scheme.