Study Of Public Management System Of Higher Education Under The Perspective Of Social Theory

Since mankind enters the new century, the position of the university "community center structure" becomes more and more salient. University education effects and even decides the rise or fall of the national culture and economy. The 17th National People's Congress points out our nation should give priority to the education development and attach importance to the construction of human resources. It also emphasizes that it is of great significance to improve the quality of advanced education to strive to create a world-class scientists and science and technology leading talent and to pay attention to the cultivation of creative talents. Throughout history, it is the first time for university education to bring such great hope and influence to individuals and the whole nation.Since reform and opening-up in China, along with Chinese modernization process, the scale of advanced education, school quality and teaching standards have gained considerable progress and improvement. However, no matter it is in the macronumbers, systems and structures, or in the micro-operation mechanisms and processes, our universities still exist many problems. In practice, it seems that the advanced education cannot find a proper place in the social system. In the planned economy period, colleges and universities were regarded as a subsidiary body of the government---do everything according to instructions and projects. In the market economy, the government takes advanced education into the market, which is operated in the way that the enterprises do. The government does not recognize the nature of advanced education and goes against its own law of development. These problems are caused by the lack of coherent and proper understanding of the nature of advanced education. Without an effective theoretical tool, the civil social theory has made up the gap.According to the nature of advanced education, there is no doubt that it belongs to the civil society, which is public and informative. From the perspective of the civil society theory, advanced education is a relatively independent organization which cooperates with the government equally. By the introduction of market mechanisms, advanced education can make benign interaction with the nation and the market, which can provides new theoretical basis for the reform of advanced education system, and promote its healthy development.From the perspective of the civil society theory, this paper focuses on the problems in the management system of advanced education, which will provide some suggestions for the reform and innovation in advanced education management. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part elaborates on the concept and characteristics of civil social theory and emphasizes that civil society is both a tool and a specific forms of social organization. In the framework of civil society theory the part expounds on the status of the government, the market, society and university and the relations among them. The first part also points out that civil society is the nature of advanced education. The second part introduces the changes and trends of the management system of Chinese advanced education. The part reviews the course of the reform in the management system of advanced education and points out the basic trend of Chinese advanced education management system. The third part summarizes the advanced education management system in developed countries, which can be divided into 3 types: government-directed system, autonomous system and compound system. The part also points out the common features in the three types, which can provide some suggestion to improve the advanced education management system. The fourth part puts forward some measures which can be used to improve advanced education management system. To transform government functions, to clear the position of the government, to establish subjectival qualifications of universities, to promote the autonomy of universities in accordance with the law, to actively promote community participation in advanced education management and services; to develop agent organization in advanced education and to form the buffer zone between the government and universities.