Guiyang City, The Urban Poor Research

the research of Guiyang's poor urban populations problem(Topic)After entering 21st century,especially joining the WTO,our country's economy system reform has been quickened,thus,the state-owned enterprises' workers have enevitably been out of job, finally,new urban poor people are increasing,and the problems about them are increasing serious.As the capital of Guizhou province,Guiyang is also faced with the increasing serious urban poverty problems.It is a great challenge for Guiyang's building a harmonious society.This paper has studied Guiyang's poor urban population problems deeply by field research.The framework of the paper is:In chapter one,the research background,goal,object,and data origin are introduced.In chapter two,the main contents are:introducing the research about urban poverty problems giving by scholars and research organs from home and abroad.In chapter three,probing into Guiyang's urban poor people's present situation and characters.In chapter four,the problems about Guiyang's urban poor people and causes are analysized. In chapter five,the author has introduced measures taken by Guiyang's administrati ve departments.,and put forward suggestions for solving Guiyang's urban poor people problems.As the research background of the paper is concerned,on the one hand,benefiting from our country's reform and open policy,Guiyang's economy has developed increasingly quickly,economic potentiality has enhanced remarkably,people's living standard has risen continuingly, all this changes have laid a solid basis for solving Guiyang's urban poverty people problems.On the other hand,our country's development is at a key stage of opportunities and challenge coexisting,increasing serious of urban poor people problems,existing series of unharmonious factors,this has posed a severe challenge for sustainable development of economy and society.Thus,the C.P.C.center sizes up the situation and puts forward the idea of building a socialist harmonious society.As the research goal is concerned,the author is trying to probe into a persistent efficient mechanism for solving Guiyang's urban poor people problems and serve for building a harmonious Guiyang,through the research of Guiyang's urban poor people.In the sectionⅡ,the author comments on the research object and methods of this paper.On the research object, undoubtedly,the research object is Guiyang's urban poverty people. Guiyang's poor urban people include the following people:traditional urban "sanwu"people,and this people are traditional urban social relief object;laid-off workers,nowadays they have become the main body of poor urban people;the people who have jobs and get low wages.On the research methods of this paper,the author uses the sociological, Demographical and economical perspective,and uses an empirical study. In chapterⅠ,the author has cited the research theories about urban poverty problems giving by scholars and research organs from home and abroad.Tang Jun,a famous Chinese scholars of studying Chinese poverty problems,has given a comprehensive study for poverty's concept.He points out,Looking over the impoverish research history, there are four angles defining poverty,that is "lacking"theory,""ability" theory,"depriving" theory,"status" theory.On the measure of poverty,at present,there are three ways of measuring poverty in the world,that is,food energy principle,food share principle and Martin principle.On measuring the changes of poverty breadth and depth,there are three advanced methods:poverty happening rate,poverty disparity rate, extreme poverty rate.At present,China's urban poverty line is using the method used by National Bureau of Statistics in the 1980's,determining urban poverty accounts according to the ratio of percent five of the lowest income.For the measure of the relative poverty,China is always using Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve.On the type of poverty,there are the dichotomy and the trichotomy.According to the dichotomy,poverty can be divided into the relative poverty and the absolute poverty, generalized poverty and narrow poverty.According to the trichotomy,poverty can be divided into the Systematic poverty,regional poverty and poverty Of the class.On the theoretical explanation of the poverty,there are the individual explanation,Poverty Culture theory, Poverty Situation theory,Poverty Structure theory,Functional explanation.In chapterⅡ,on the basis of field research,the author has analysized the present situation of Guiyang's poor urban population.In sectionⅠ,the author has introduced Guiyang's basic situation,and it is the base of urban anti-poverty.In sectionⅡ,the author has introduced the number of Guiyang's poor urban population,and analysized the basic characteristics of Guiyang's poor urban group.According to the field research,in 2005,the number of Guiyang's urban poverty people is 82,100;their basic characteristics are the following:the structure of poverty population has changed greatly;poverty people are showing younger;poverty people have received limit education,and their concepts of employment must be changed,and new poverty people are eager to employment;their ability to resist risks is limit,and it is difficult for them to be out of poverty.In SectionⅢ,the author has noted living and consumption condition,ownership of family property and consumer durables,ownership of financial assets.In the sectionⅠof chapterⅢ,the author has analysized the problems of poor urban group's increasing to the economy,politics and building a harmonious society and the cause of urban poverty people.firstly,for the negative impacts of economy,the increase in the urban poverty people because of unemployment,will lead to labor resources waste and the loss of income,influence the full play of the potential economic development; the increase of poverty groups and low-income groups,not only influence the consume of these groups,but also influence the other groups'consumer expectations;thus constraining the expansion of social needs;the increase of poverty people,the residents income gap further widening,also lead to social consumption structural imbalances worsening,not conducive to sustained growth,and healthy development of economy;influence the employment.Secondly,for the adverse impact of political,increase of urban poverty will affect the C.P.C.'s class foundation and the C.P.C.'s prestige;not conducive to play the superiority of socialism and the consolidation of the socialist system;not conducive to the promotion of socialist democratic process.Thirdly,for the negative impact of building a harmonious society,the increase of poverty groups has posed a severe challenge for building a harmonious society,severely shaken the belief in social justice,not conducive to social stability and order,society find it difficult to maintain a healthy operation.In sectionⅡ,the author analysized the cause of the increase of urban poverty.Firstly,economic restructuring,system changing will lead to urban poverty people.the transition from planned economy to market economy,the mode of economic growth gradually switching from extensive to intensive model,Agriculture-based agricultural economy to an industrial-based industrial economic changes will influence the urban citizens'employment.Secondly,social security restructuring has a great effect on the urban poverty.Thirdly,lack of social equity and justice,would lead to urban poverty problems.In chapterⅣ,the author has introduced the measures for solving urban poverty problem in Guiyang with the length of two sections.In sectionⅠ, Guiyang has actively and earnestly carried out labor and social security work.The work is the following:creating jobs,widening re-employment channels;earnestly safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of laborers;taking effective measures to ensure the basic livelihood of the citizens.In sectionⅡ,Guiyang has taken effective measures to promote the re-employment of laid-off workers.The main measures are: strengthening training and improving ability to re-employment of laid-off staff;guiding and encouraging and supporting laid-off workers to their careers;Re-strengthening and promoting employment stability.In chapterⅤ,aiming at building a harmonious Guiyang,the author has put forward suggestions to solve Guiyang's urban poverty problem.The suggestions are:adhering to the policy of speeding up development,improving the quality of development,promoting employment,resolving the problem of poverty,solidifying material foundation in the course of development;addressing employment issues when urban poverty groups are seeking jobs;adhering to the people-oriented development and reform concept,putting expanding employment in a prominent position when seeking economic and social development;the government must provide employment assistance and job security for the urban poor groups;adhering to the concept of economic,and social development coordinately,While maintaining sustained,rapid and healthy economic development,speeding up the construction of social undertakings.