A Study On The Employment Security Of Female Landless Peasants In The Context Of Urbanization

Land is carrying farmers’ all the rights and assurance in China’s rural areas. However, with the acceleration of urbanization process in our country, a large number of expropriation of rural collective land, producing a large amount of land-lost farmers, and also makes them become new "vulnerable groups" in the process of urbanization. Female, as a group of "weak" in land-lost farmers, who may suffer from the employment discrimination of age, the experience of skills, the degree of education and gender in the current environment of employment. And at the same time, due to the deficiency in the system of land expropriation in our country, the gender blindness in employment policies, the imperfect employment service system construction, which make them face many difficulties in the process of employment. Therefore, for the female peasants, the employment security is particularly important. This is focus on promoting employment, complemented by unemployment assistance, job support and combined with employment protection.From the perspective of social gender theory, social support theory, social exclusion theory and empowerment theory, this essay employs X resettlement community as a case, using literature research, questionnaire and semi-structured interview to analyze the present situation and existing problems of female land-lost farmers. Besides, it explores the employment security of female peasants before and after on the basis of surveys and interviews. At the cause’s analysis and reference the advanced experience of domestic to explore the possible paths to solve the employment security of female peasants.According to the study, there are four characteristics of female land-lost farmers in the X resettlement community. One is that the number of land-lost and unemployed is more, and accepting a lower proportion of the job placement; the second is that they are older, lacking of non-agricultural skills and limited employment channels; the third is that focusing on service and combining with complementary, low stability of employment, labor relations loosely; the fourth is that the low position of employment of labor compensation and labor time out of proportion.Female land-lost farmers Employment Security main problem with the government’s land requisition system is imperfect, gender policy blindness, employment service policy of no pertinence, the construction of resettlement community is not in place; traditional gender culture, asymmetric labor supply and demand and professional intermediary organization development is not sound; what’s more, individual employment concepts backward, employment ability is limited and the legal consciousness and so on has certain relevance. Therefore, should be in line with the "two-headed strategy" guide from the "government-led", "social coordination "and " personal involvement "to explore the possible paths to solve the three aspects problem of female peasants’ Employment Security.