The Analysis, Based On The Scp Framework Of China's Railway Transport Supply And Demand Gap And Related Industrial Organization Policy

On account of big capacity, minor power loss, low costs and daylong working, railway transportation is of significant meaning to the take-off economy in the stage of initial industrialization, but now it is obvious that Chinese railway transport power is tense. Based on the investigation of the factors influencing supply and demand of Chinese railway transportation, the paper estimates the demand-supply gap of Chinese railway transportation then analyses the reasons from the angle of enterprise conduct and market structure. According to the abuses of railway transportation, peak load pricing must be put into effect in the passenger transport. Additionally, the paper has put forward the related industrial organization policies.In the first part, the paper represents the SCP framework and the factors influencing the demand and supply of railway transportation. In the basic SCP framework, market structure decides enterprise conduct, and enterprise conduct again decides market performance. As the index of performance, Lerner Index, Profit Rate and Productivity relates closely with the influencing factors of the demand and supply of Chinese railway transportation, so we select the demand-supply gap as the comprehensive index of performance.In the second part, the paper estimates the demand-supply gap. On the freight transport aspect, the proofs of the existence of the demand-supply gap lies in the indexes of the strength of cargo transport, the railway transport rate of cargoes, the linked-index contrast of total cargo transport, railway cargo transport and GDP; According to international experience, the gap for 2003 is 35. 74%. On the passenger transport aspect, by the aid of improved model for estimating demand-supply gap, the gap for 2004 is 42.99%.In the third part, the paper analyses the reasons for the long existing...