The Influence Of Reclamation In Coastal Zones On The Environment Of Bay Areas

Enclosing tideland for cultivation is an important approach to expand humans'living and development space towards the ocean. While many coastal countries have released the stress of insufficient lands for urban construction and agricultural and industrial utility through reclamations, bringing enormous economic benefits, adverse impacts on the ecological environment from excessive reclamations with no scientific guidance have already emerged.As the development of coastal economy, the insufficiency of land resources has become a major factor that hindered the long-term development of coastal areas, due to the large population and limited land resources in China. In recent years, in order to make a breakthrough and promote social and economic development, seas and oceans have been paid much attention to, and reclamation projects are proposed in succession during the implementation of regional economic development programs.Under this background, it is of paramount significance to learn how to enclose tideland for cultivation scientifically, and make efforts to protect the marine ecological environment and promote social and economic development.Taking Xinghua Bay in Fujian Province as the example, based on in situ measurements and relevant technical information, and by means of numerical simulation, this paper expounded and proved the variation patterns of the tidal current, tide-absorbing capacity and sediment distribution in the bay, explained the departure and mooring conditions of ships, and analyzed the impact of human activities such as the location of hydraulic structures on the abovementioned environmental factors before and after the implementation of regulatory plan and the regional construction strategy in Xinghua Bay.This paper mainly focused on two aspects. One was studying the tidal circulation, wave, the temporal and spatial distribution and transportation of sediment and the evolution of swales and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of expanding polders within the project space of Xinghua Bay and adjacent areas in natural state. The other one was to carry out the abovementioned study during and after the implementation of project engineering, emphatically analyzing the specific impact of construction work in each wharf on the marine environment in the engineering and adjacent waters by making comparisons with studies under natural state. Combining studies in these two aspects, the paper finally got conclusions of human activities'influence on tidal and circulation situations, sediment transport and the evolution of swales in the engineering and adjacent areas. The paper also showed the impact of wave and sediment transport on harbor engineering under extreme circumstances, offered necessary scientific guidance for reasonable layout, safety and environment protection of wharfs, and provided a typical case analysis of scientifically implementing reclamation in coastal zones.