Research Of A New Quaternary Ammonium Salt That Based On 3-pentadecylphenol

3-pentadecylphenol, obtained from cashew nut shell liquid, is an important raw material of important development and application value which has abundant resources and low price. The structure of 3-pentadecylphenol is similar to nonylphenol which is widely used as chemical raw materials. In many application areas 3-pentadecylphenol can be used as a substitute for studies of nonylphenol. It can solve the problems about the tensions of raw materials resources, high cost and serious pollution. So 3-pentadecylphenol as raw materials for studies has extremely important practical applications.Intermediate 6-diethylaminomethyl-3-pentadecylphenol was synthesized with 3-pentadecylphenol, formaldehyde and diethyl amine by Mannich reaction. And a new quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized with the intermediate and ethyl bromide. The structure of the product was analyzed and characterized by IR, 'H-NMR,13C-NMR and MS. And it is named as (2-hydroxy-4-fifth alkyl) benzyl trimethyl ammonium bromide based on its structure.The synthetic routes is optimized by orthogonal experiment method and single～factor experiment:The first step is Mannich reaction, and the better reaction conditions are as follow:ethanol as solvent, concentration of 3-pentadecylphenol is 0.8 mol/L, n (phenol):n (aldehyde):n (amine)=1:3.5:2.5, constant temperature 30℃, reaction time is 1h at constant temperature, reflux time 1.5 h, the best yield of the intermediate is 85%. The second step is quaternization reaction, and better reaction conditions are as follow:n(ethyl bromide):n(intermediate)= 9:1, V(ethanol):V (ethyl bromide)=6:1, reaction temperature 65℃, reaction time 12 h, the yield of product was about 75%.Solubility data is significant for the separation and purification of the crude products. In this paper, laser monitoring device was used; poikilothermic dissolution method was adopted to determine the solubility of (2-hydroxy-4-fifth alkyl) benzyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in water, ethyl acetate, ethanol, water/ethanol. The temperature range of these experiments is from 273.15 K to 343.15 K. The results show that product's solubility increased as the temperature increased indifferent systems; and at the same temperature it increased with increased ethanol content in water/ethanol system. And using simplified Parameter equation correlate the experimental results, the solubility with calculated and the experimental results is in good correspondence.Investigation of rheological properties can reflect the micelle changes of (2-hydroxy-4-fifth alkyl) benzyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in water. Densities and viscosities of the (2-hydroxy-4-fifth alkyl) benzyl trimethyl ammonium bromide at 288.15 K～323.15 K were measured using calibrated pycnometer and Ubbelohde-type capillary viscometer. The results show:at the same temperature, density and viscosity of the solution increased as concentration increased; and at the same concentration, density and viscosity of the solution increased as the temperature increased. The experimental data was correlated with VTF equation. Compared with the model calculation value, the total average relative deviation is 0.842%.The surface tension of the product was determined by a set of drop volume apparatus. The surface activity of the product such as composite property, forming property, emulsifying property, wetting property, soluble property, and soften property, was determined. The product shows excellent soften property, good wetting property and soluble property. The targeted product shows a synergic effect when blended with other surfactants.