Regioselevtive Nitration Of Toluene And Esterification Of Acetic Acid And Butanol Catalyzed By HNbMoO₆

P-nitrotoluene(P-MNT) is an important intermediate of medicine and dyes.It was synthesized through nitration of toluene with mix acid in industy. In mix acid,H2SO4 is catalyst and HNO3 is nitration reagent. Unfortunately, the process is unselecive,corrosion of equipment and difficulties in waste treatment.According this problem, HNbMoO6 and SO42-/TiO2-HNbMoO6 were prepared in this thesis, which were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),Scanning electron microscope (SEM),NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD).With this catalyst,In liquid system,the activity and regioselective nitration of toluene were evaluated.The results shows that both HNbMoO6 and SO42-/TiO2-HNbMoO6 presented well activity and selectivity in regioselective nitration of toluene. Increasing the amount of HNbMoO6 and the reaction time is good for improving the activity and selectivity of catalyst. For SO42-/TiO2-HNbMoO6, the selectivity of p-MNT was also depended on concentration of sulfur on the surface of TiO2-HNbMoO6.N-butyl acetate is an important fine chemical. Normally acetic and butanol were used as raw material, H2SO4 was used as catalyst in industy.Unfortunately,this systems exists side reaction serious corrosion of equipment and difficulties in waste treatment. According to this problem, layered niobium matrix composite oxides solid acid HNbMoO6,HNbW06 and HTiNbO5 were prepared, which were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning electron microscope(SEM), NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD). The activity of the catalysts were evaculated by esterification of acetic acid and butanol and relationship between structure and performance was also discussed.The results showed that neither HNbW06 nor HTiNbO5 catalyzed esterification of acetic acid and butanol,which may be attributed to reactant shape-selecting of their narrow interlayer; HNbMoO6 presented well esterification activity. Because the interlayer of HNbMoO6 is wide and it can intercalate the butanol. Moreover, the strong surface acidity can improve esterification activity of catalyst.