Study On Two-dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration High-precision Turning Technology

With the development of the science and technology, machining accuracy and surface roughness of workpiece are required high, particularly in machine-finishing. Useing the abrasive machining can obtain the very low surface roughness, but the abrasive machining can not be used for machining soft metal and some non-ferrous metal. In order to solve the problem above, a new idea of imitating grinding and honing of two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration turning is brought firstly.This article focuses on jiangxi provincial key project of"Research and Development for High-speed and High-precision CNC Lathe". Through consulting massive material, this paper has analyzed the traditional ultrasonic vibration turning mechanism and the shortcoming of the traditional ultrasonic vibration turning, and has realized the structure improvement of traditional transducert which enables to achieve the two-dimensional vibration. According to turning instead of grinding process requirements, based on the MATLAB software, grinding trajectory simulation and honing trajectory simulation are carried out. Moreover, the design of ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic horn are completed, and the required mode shapes and resonance frequency are obtained by using the finite-element method, the results prove the theoretical analysis is correct. Finally this paper has also studied the matching circuit of ultrasonic transducer, and preliminary studied ultrasonic generator's frequency automatic tracking by using phase locking technique and singlechip.This article primary coverage is as follows:(1)Based on a large number of domestic and international data accessing, this paper comprehensively analyzes the situation, trends, key technologies of ultrasonic machining technology, and key issues need to be resolved internally.(2)This paper analysis the tradition ultrasonic vibration turning mechanism, and makes the improvement to the traditional transducer structure, and it realizes the two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration.(3) Based on the MATLAB software, two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration turning simulate grinding trajectory and honing trajectory.(4)This paper completes the design of ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic horn, and studies dynamic analysis of the transducer and horn, which including modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, prove the theoretical analysis is correct.(5) This paper analyzes the matching circuit of ultrasonic transducer, and preliminary studies the frequency tracking of ultrasonic generator. Through this research, the new idea has proved reasonable and feasible. There are important meaning for improving machining accuracy and surface roughness of workpiece, and provide the reference to two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration technology.