Study On Performance Of Spunlace Nonwoven Made By Splitting Microfiber

Split fiber spunlaced nonwovens have some advantages such as its shorter process flow, higher strength proper and faster production speed, on behalf of new development trend of nonwoven technology. Splitted filament spunlace nonwovens were produced through spunbond and spunlace process using PET and PA6 chips as raw materials, which also have excellent performance. While Splitted spunlaced nonwovens made by staple fiber were produced through carding and spunlace process. Both kinds of nonwoven materials have excellent adsorption and filter performance apart from the basic properties of nonwovens, which have been widely used in the field of advanced synthetic leather substrates, advanced cleaning wipes and high-grade mite-proof materials and etc.This subject firstly investigated what kinds of mechanical forces can effectively improve the splitting effect of spunlaced microfiber nonwovens. Then it discussed the feasibility of improving the splitting effect by means of machine-wash method through analyzing photographs of the electron microscope and performance tests of nonwovens.This subject aims to study influence of different washing time on the basic performance, strength loss, abrasion resistance and air permeability, and analyze the difference of mechanical properties, abrasion resistance and air permeability of split spunlaced nonwoven of filament and staple fiber under different washing time. The studies found that the washing effort was beneficial to further split. Compared with high pressure spunlaced force, the force of washing machine was much softer, which would not cause too much damage to fiber and would not significantly change the appearance performance of nonwoven. Meanwhile, the spunlaced nonwovens of micro fiber split under the washing force, were probability easier to split at both side of the fiber than in the center of fiber. This results can be due to following reasons, the relative position between all parts of the fiber was changed under the repeatedly water flow impact force and repeatedly friction force during the process of interlude and inter winding. While this internal force have increased beyond the adhesion force between fiber interface, there would be the relative slip between interface of fiber, and finally the whole fiber was split off.Besides, studies were also on the abrasion resistance change for these two different types of spunlaced nonwovens of different washing time. The research has found that the surface hairiness was significantly increased after washing, while balls were not formed on the surface of nonwoven. And the strength loss of fiber web was mainly due to fiber broken. The quality loss of staple fiber was more than the filament fiber under the same washing time. This results may be due to following reasons, the staple fibers were short and would be easier to broken and pulled out. While the filament had the larger cohesive force, although the filament was also ground, it would be harder to be pulled out even if it were broken, so the quality of staple fiber would lost much.This study also put forward that the number of through hole was the important factor of air permeability of spunlaced nonwoven. The average pore size of spunlaced nonwoven would be decreased with the lasting washing time. It was shown that the weak mechanical force would cause more fiber to split and more microfiber to voluble more closely, thus decreased the number of through hole. Furthermore, the weak mechanical force would not change the maximum pore size of spunlace nonwovens. The study also provided a new environmental, health and durable way for anti-mite of home furnishing products.