Extraction, Isolation And Structure Determination Of Active Components From Oats

Oats ( Avena SativaL.) is a genus of Gramineae Avena, annual herbaceous plants, rich in nutrients, especially abundant biological active components, such asβ- glucan, oat saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols etc. As a result of oat's unique care value and unique taste, it is applied more and more widely. Oat is a multi-purpose grain, which can be used to be industrial products raw material of feed, food, medicine,healthy products and cosmetics etc. With the deepening of the research, people are no longer satisfied with the study of oat crude processing product, but turn more attention to composition and structure of oat active components.In this paper, the extraction, isolation and structural identification of oat active components were carried out, the paper's main contents include the following three aspects:1. Taking the total flavonoids yield as index, and oats as raw materials were extracted by ethanol-water under the condition of heat reflux. Through the single factor and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction of total flavonoids from oat. The best extraction technology of total flavonoids was:ethanol concentration: 75%, temperature: 55℃, the ratio of solid to liquid: l: 16, 90min, and the yield of flavonoids was up to 3.091% .2. The oat ethanol extractions were separated and purified by AB-8 macroporous resin, polyamide and silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization method. Finally, three major flavonoids A, B and C were extracted. The structures were identified by NMR: flavonoid crystal A is rutin; the compound B is Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside and compound C is Kaempferol-3-O-fructose-α- glucoside that is first reported in Gramineae plants.3. Oat ethanol crude extracts separated by AB-8 macroporous resin separation with foam experiment and saponin color reaction part, then purified the MCI GEL column, ODS, ODS-AQ reversed-phase column. Finally one saponin compound was got, demonstrated by HPLC as monomer, which structure was Avenacoside A identified by NMR. This is the first reported in China.