Dynamic Effects On Ecosystem Services Value With Regional Landuse Change

As the life support system, ecosystem is providing a range of products and services called ecosystem services (ES) for human well-beings. With the development of economics and expansion of population rapidly, industrialization and urbanization exerted a greater pressure on Land Use and Land Cover (LUCC), and many natural ecosystems have been converted to artificial ecosystems. LUCC has caused great change of ecosystem structure and ecosystem function, and then changes primary state of ES. And ecosystem services valuation (ESV) has also been a principal way of judging the importance of ecosystem and optimizing land resource allocation. So it is of significance for trade-off among land optimization, policy-making and sustainable development of ES, by means of exploring feedback mechanism between LUCC and ecosystem services change (ESC).This paper gives an overview of academic studies and the valuation practices of ES, and clearly defines the concept of ES and its classification. We take Tiantai County in Zhejiang province of southeast China as a case study. Based on the theories of ecological compound system and value entropy, we fix nine ESV index and built dynamic ESV model at continuous time series of LUCC. Willing to pay (WTP) is mainly considered, productivity function improving index and marginal improving index (including willing to pay and power to pay) are also regarded. And then we make dynamic valuation coefficient table of ES per land use from the year 2001 to the year 2010, value the ecosystem services values for the corresponding years. At last, relativity analysis method and Path Analysis method are used to estimate the degree of direct & indirect influence on which Land use change exerts ESC.The main results are as follows:1. ES and their classification are clearly defined, Which refers to the products, processes and functions that can be perceived, enjoyed, consumed and utilized to satisfy human welfares, directly or indirectly. ES included three parts:economic services, ecological services and social-cultural services.2. At the county scale, Land use change is drived more fiercely by economic and policy, and the trend of land use change is fluctuant, not monotonic. Moreover, Response came from driving forces is more sensitive for the LUCC at smaller scale.3. Results show that the total values of ES present fluctuant trend, which is "down-up-down" from the year 2001 to the year 2010, so is the single value of ES. And the ratio of three ecosystem service values is approximately 6.5:1:0.5. Meantime we can conclude that the higher is the ecosystem service value, the higher is the cost of keeping ecosystem services.4. LUCC has a complex effect on ESC, including direct effects and indirect effects, and the former ones are stronger than the latter ones. And ESC does not solely rely on the land use change.5. For the economic services, the descending order of influence on which Land use change exerted ESC is as follows:forest land, garden land, farmland, water, non-use land, wet land, grass land, construction land, and forest land is the dominant impelling variable, the construction land is the main restricting variable. For the ecological services, the descending order of that is as follows:wet land, forest land, water, grass land, farmland, non-use land, garden land, construction land, and wet land is the dominant impelling variable, the construction land is the main restricting variable. For the social-cultural services, the descending order of that is as follows: forest land, garden land, grass land, wet land, water, farmland, non-use land, construction land, and forest land is the dominant impelling variable, the construction land is the main restricting variable. For the total ecosystem services, the descending order of that is as follows:forest land, grass land, garden land, farmland, wet land, water, non-use land, construction land, and forest land is the dominant impelling variable, the construction land is the main restricting variable. So keeping a appropriate proportion of all kinds of land use types is needed, in order to promote ecosystem service function values.