| Tower crane is a kind of lifting equipment widely used in building of industrial and civil constructions. Negligence in structure design will cause unreasonable crane structure even potential trouble of safe use. Now many manufacturers'using only analogy and traditional mechanical methods to calculate the crane structure's strength, rigidity and stability leads to uncertainties for the use of tower crane. Consequently, the study of security of tower crane is of importance.This paper takes QTZ100 flat-top tower crane as research example to analyze both every kinds of safe factors of tower crane and other factors which should be taken into consideration in the crane's structure design, and set up a finite element mode in ANSYS to analyze the security of flat-top tower crane, including below several sections:1. Researching all factors which would affect security of tower crane, and carefully analyzing issues which should be considered in structure design.2. Analyzing every kinds of load of QTZ100 flat-top tower crane in working condition, using allowable stress method and limit load method to calculate the combination of individual loads.3. Based on the features of structure and load of flat-top tower crane, setting up a mechanical model, presenting the calculation and analysis process of every key structure, and making careful analysis to structure's rigidity and stability to ensure the safety of tower crane's structure.4. Setting up a finite element mode for whole QTZ100 flat-top tower crane, making both linear calculation and nolinear calculation and taking these two results to do comparison. Limit states method is used in the analysis process of nolinear method to combine different loads. Using calculating result to analyze the stability of tower crane body and individual structures to meet the requirement of safety of whole tower crane.5. Some important connecting pieces of flat-top crane parts are also studied as one of the major subjects of structural safety studies with mechanical analysis and checking calculation for the high-strength bolt and hinge pin.6. Entity finite element model of some connecting pieces including connecting bolts is established with strength simulations so as to eliminate unsafe factors.Through the study of structural security of QTZ100 flat-top tower crane, this paper provides analysis and calculation method and theory for some important components and connecting pieces and draws the conclusion that it is more appropriate to use nonlinear analysis to analyze deformation of tower crane caused by overloading. Limit states method is needed when adapting nonlinear analysis. Only in this way can we make structure design more secure and economical. |
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