Studies On Plantscape Of The Nanjing Ming Dynasty City Wall Belt

The plantscape of the Nanjing Ming dynasty city wall belt was studied in this paper.50 typical plant communities that were relatively steady were surveyed by quadrat method. The floristic composition of community and the quantitative features of species were studied firstly, and so did the species diversity and the type and characteristic of community.8 typical plant communities which were choosed from the Nanjing Ming dynasty city wall belt and the rationality of disposal and application of plant communities were further discussed from plant communities'ecology and aesthetics. Based on the thorough investigation and analysis,20 typical plant communities were appraisaled on 10 evaluation factors that refer to internal and external factors. Some advices were brought forward to improve the environment around the city wall. The main results were as follows:(1)In 50 sample communities in the landscape area of the Ming dynasty city wall, there were 214 plants belonging to 152 genera in 72 families. The species of arbor was 56, belonging to 46 genera in 32 families, the species of shrub was 89, belonging to 51 genera in 31 families, the species of bamboo was 6, belonging to 5 genera in 1 family, the species of fujimoto was 13, belonging to 11 genera in 10 families, the species of herb was 52, belonging to 44 genera in families. It surveyed that the species of the arbor layer with the highest important value was Cinnamomum camphorai, the value was 16.041%, the species of the shrub layer with the highest important value was Loropetalum chinensei var. rubrum, the value was 8.235%, The herb layer was single, but it surveyed that the species with the highest important value was Festuca elata, the value was 38.678%.(2) The type o f plant communities were dominated by transitional vegetation in the landscape area of the Ming dynasty city wall, and the type with little transitional character had a certain proportion. The structure of plant communities was multiple structure combined with arbor, shrub and herb on the whole. The species density of herb was denser than the arbor, among 1:4 and 4:1. The ratio of importance value in arbor layer between evergreen and defoliation species distributed among 1:4 and 2:1, the ratio of importance value in shrub layer between evergreen and defoliation species distributed among 1:2 and 6:1.(3) The species abundance degree and diversity index of communities were very high in the landscape area of the Ming dynasty city wall. The average species abundance degree in sample communities was 6.26, the average Margalef index was 1.06015, the average Simpson index was 0.34018, the average Shannon-Weiner index was 0.88327, and the average Pielou index was 0.41435. The species abundance and diversity in bush layer were higer than that in arbor layer.(4)The way of plant cultivated was natural mainly, rule-based secondary. The arbor was mainly column and symmetrical planted, the small arbor was mainly cluster planted, and the bush was mainly cluster planted, or dispersed planted. In space, the main method in horizontal direction was to increasing the level of community, and in longitudinal direction was to emphasizing on sequence and continuity. The link between the plant landscape and the city wall' culture was tiny.(5) The result of multifactorial appraisal showed the landscape quality was above average. The average value of multifactorial appraisal on 20 communities was 12.11608.