Thermal Adatation Of Indoor Thermal Environment In Hot-summer And Cold-winter Zone

In the 1960 of the 20th century, in response to the oil shocks, researches had started to carry out the research on human thermal adaptation of built environment. Recently, as the increasing concern of energy consumption and global climate changes, researches on human thermal adaptation resurgent again which providing people with more indoor environment control condition as well as making the relationship between indoor temperature and outdoor climate more closely, and it has played an important role in improving thermal comfort, reducing energy consumption, changing building design and operation strategies. In the view of thermal adaptation, people are no longer the passive recipients but positive to adapt to environment in a given thermal environment. In recent years, a large number of researches have points out that there existed multiple interactions of behavior, physiology, psychology between people and thermal environment. To learn and understand human thermal adaptation mechanism in building environment will promote the application of the thermal adaptation mechanism in new building design and technology.This paper based on thermal comfort annual field survey questionnaire carried out in non-heating and air conditioning building s in three cities (Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing) in hot-summer and cold-winter zone and climate chamber experiments conducted during the summer and winter, then obtained the human thermal adaptation characteristics in hot summer and cold winter zone and the thermal response regulation in psychological and physical of subjects in the climate chamber. Finally established thermal comfort zone that suitable for the non-heating air conditioning buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone, and lay foundation for building thermal environment design and evaluation in hot summer and cold winter zone.In this paper, we first discussed and analyzed the survey result of the non-heating and air conditioning residential buildings in Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing, the results showed that, all of the three cities have quite similar thermal environmental conditions, that is hot summer, cold winter, higher relative humidity and lower indoor air velocity. Thanks to human thermal adaptation could get full embodiment in non-heating and air conditioning environment, in this paper, we carried out research on the thermal adaptation of the field investigation research mainly from two aspects: behavior and physiological, and then came to the following conclusion :(1) Residents in the region often adapt to the climate changes by the means of regularly increasing or decreasing clothing. And the adjustment ability in winter with low temperature environment by increasing clothing to adapt to the environment is strong, while it is limited in summer with high temperature environment by decreasing clothing. (2)Opening the windows and the use of electric fan is the effective adaptive behavior means residents of the area prefer to adopt to improve the high temperature environment in summer. In addition to the way of opening windows widespread used, people in the three cities are like to use the electric fan to improve the thermal environment in varying degrees.For that, it is difficult to obtain physiological thermal response from field survey, this paper carried out two season climate chamber experimental study in the winter and summer and make a preliminary exploration of human physiology, psychological thermal response regulation and came to the following conclusions: (1)When the subjects in a acceptable thermal environment, the mean skin temperature doesn't exist obvious seasonal difference, human's physiologic regulation law in winter andsummer is similar;(2) When the subjects in a acceptable thermal environment, the thermal sensation also doesn't exist obvious seasonal difference, this is the result of physiological and psychological adjustment.Through the above analysis, it is known that the thermal environment conditions and thermal adaptation of the three cities in hot summer and cold winter zone are very similar. Therefore, based on the survey research data in three cities, we established a thermal comfort zones map for non-heating and air conditioning building in hot summer and cold winter zone, and provide an effective method for a reasonable evaluation of indoor thermal comfort environment.