| As the living standards and the traffic conditions improve, and people have more leisure time, people are gradually interested in the nature and wild landscape in the forest. To a certain degree, the forest park satisfies people's desire to return to the nature. In order to attract more tourists, the forest park has been developed blindly. Therefore, the careful analyses to the forest park provide scientific reference for the development, the comprehensive improvement of land and resources and the proper evaluation. Moreover it can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance.On the theoretic basis of system science, forestry, forest-esthetics, geography of landscape, forest ecological aesthetics, the essay studies the forest esthetics through ornamental, variety and educational value. The essays construct the evaluation index system of forest-esthetics, and give theoretical and empirical analysis for forest-esthetics evaluation. The research result in details is as below:(1) The forest parks in Hunan province more or less meet many problems, such as blind development, overbuilding of scenic spots. They bring many hidden trouble to the sustainable development of forest park. We must improve the work of the construction in the forest parks on a scientific way; to reorganize all the projects which destroy seriously the natural scenic resources. The evaluation of forest esthetics is the essential theory to the development of forest park. It provides basis to the protected and development of forest resources.(2) Based on the synthesis of current researches related to the evaluation of forest esthetics, the essay summarizes the main factors of the forest esthetics. In additional, the essay gives a supplement survey and constructs the evaluation index system of forest esthetics for the Hunan forest parks. The evaluation index system includes 3 first-level indexes and 10 second-level indexes. The first-level indexes are the ornamental value, variety, and the educational value. The second-level indexes are the uniqueness, seasonal change, environment coordination, percentage of forest cover, geomorphic type, species diversity, richness of landscape, typicality of special scenery, scientific research value, historical and cultural value. (3) Combining the qualitative and quantitative evaluation, the essay defines the weighing of the first-level and second-level indexes in every evaluation aspects. Furthermore, it defines the value and grades of the second-level and its classification. It provides the theoretic support for the forest esthetics about the forest park in Hunan province.(4)The essay collects the related information at the Administration of Forest Park of Hunan Forestry department. The scores are evaluated by experts based on the second-level indexes which is calculated by the formula Cj=WjC'j.In the formula, C'j means the actual scores on the second-level indexes; Wj means the weighing; Cj means the total scores. The actual scores from the second-level indexes and its weighing produce the total scores. We can get the total scores of the first-level indexes from the scores of the second-level indexes. Then we make the external and thorough ordering for thirty national forest parks in Hunan province according to the evaluation.The forest park is a huge and complex system. In addition, the forest esthetics evaluations are a complex and comprehensive issue which experts and technicians from different areas coordinate and cooperate together. The forest esthetics evaluation also concerns about other social factors such as society, economic, forest recourses and etc. The development is a long-term tough work. What we have observed in this study is far from complete and it requires further research. It is a long and important way how we can provide the scientific and accurate evaluation, and make the right decision for the forest park, based on the characteristics of the forest esthetics. |
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