The Effects Of Combined Application Of N, P And K On Growth, Yield, Content Of Active Ingredients Of Ligusticum Chuanxiong

Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. is selected in this experiment. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium on growth, yield, content of active ingredients, were studied with the common rotatable design of three factors. According to the data obtained, a mathema-tical model was established, in which N, P and K were independent variables and growth, yield, content of active ingredients were dependent variables. In order to find the best cultivation mode, we studied the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium on yield and active ingredients. And the physiological mechanism how nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium affected yield and active ingredients were analyzed in this experiment. The main results were as followed:1 The results indicate that increasing phosphorus and potassium amounts can improve the ability of plant height; Applying a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the stem per plant numbers and leaf area index. The results indicate that increasing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium amounts can improve the ability of dry matter weight.2 Applying a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase content of chlorophyll, applying a small amount of fertilizer could significantly increase the accumulation of soluble sugar. Applying a large amount of nitrogen and small amount of phosphorus fertilizer could significantly increase the accumulation of soluble protein, applying a small amount of nitrogen and a large amount phosphorus fertilizer could significantly decrease the aging of organ. Applying a small amount of nitrogen and a large amount of phosphorus fertilizer could significantly increase the active of GS, applying a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the active of GOT, applying a medium amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer or a small amount of nitrogen and a large amount of phosphorus all could significantly increase the active of GPT.3 The mathematical model of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield is: Y=2276.3505+309.7392X1+137.4983X2+118.7025X3-143.6685Xl2-149.4967X22+57.0383 X32-105.5230X1X2-94.0126X1X3+91.6360X2X3。The model analysis showed that increasing nitrogen and phosphorus amounts can improve the ability of yield, when it reached highest that could decrease. Applying a large amount of potassium fertilizer could increase the yield. The effect on the yield was as following N>P>K; The most suitable amounts of fertilizer were N 163.92～232.96 Kg·hm-2, Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O 458.50～766.00 Kg·hm-2, K2SO4203.80～437.20 Kg·hm-2.4 The mathematical model of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the total alkaloid is:Y=1.5486+0.0724X1+0.0720X2-0.0790X3+0.0581X12-0.0140X22+0.1090X32+0.1050X1 X2。The model analysis showed that increasing nitrogen and phosphorus amounts can improve the ability content of total alkaloid. Applying a large amount of potassium fertilizer could decrease the content of total alkaloid, when it reached lowest that could increase. The effect on the total alkaloid was as following N>K>P; The most suitable amounts of fertilizer were N 230 Kg·hm-2, Ca(H2PO4)2-H2O 805 Kg·hm-2, K2SO4 250 Kg·hm-2. The most suitable ratio of N,P2O5,K2O was 1:0.4:0.5.5 The mathematical model of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the total ferulic acid is:Y=0.4175-0.0487X1-0.0228X2-0.0252X3+0.0267X,2+0.0221X22+0.0509X32+0.0532 X1X2。The model analysis showed that applying a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could decrease the content of total ferulic acid, when it reached lowest that could increase. The effect on the total ferulic acid was as following N>P>K; The most suitable amounts of fertilizer were N 70 Kg·hm-2, Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O 205 Kg·hm-2, K2SO4 150 Kg·hm-2. The most suitable ratio of N,P2O5,K2O was 1:0.4:1.6 The mathematical model of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the volatile oil is: Y=0.4670+0.0898X1+0.0555X2+0.0379X3-0.0180X12-0.0200X22+0.0305X32-0.0130X1X2。The model analysis showed that increasing nitrogen and phosphorus amounts can improve the ability content of volatile oil. Applying a large amount of potassium fertilizer could decrease the content of volatile oil, when it reached lowest that could increase. The effect on the volatile oil was as following K>N>P. The most suitable amounts of fertilizer were N 230 Kg·hm-2, Ca(H2PO4)2-H2O 805 Kg·hm-2, K2SO4250 Kg·hm-2. The most suitable ratio of N,P2O5,K2O was 1:0.4:0.5.