Preliminary Study On Plant Reproductive Ecology And Bioactive Components Of Chimonanthus Grammatus M. C. Liu

Chimonanthus grammatus M. C. Liu is an endemic rare and endangered wild plant resource in Jiangxi province, which is valuable on many faces such as scientific research, the ornamental and medicinal, and so on. Field investigation shows that the plants has many flowers but less fruit and a low seed setting, the seed is low adaptability to environment, population is scattered patch shape, regional distribution narrow, population small. This study in order to protect and exploit this plant as its main line, and study the plant from reproductive ecology and natural active ingredient two aspects.According to the field observation, we count the morphological structure of C. grammatus, floral syndrome, flowering phenology, the variations in morphological traits of single flower, pollen germinability, stigma receptivity, out crossing index(OCI), pollen-ovule ratio(P/O), pollens deposition ratio and reproductive success, the seed vigor, around reproductive, research its reproductive ecology which aims to breeding, through the basic theory of reproductive biology and ecology to discusses the of endangered mechanism, to offer the theoretical basis which to protect the plant with a scientific and effective measures. The results shows that, the breeding system of C. grammatus is mixed mating system which contain autogamy and allogamy. Biotic pollination play the primary role of its reproductive, the main effective pollinators is Apis cerana cerana and Epistrophe balreata. This plant has a low seed setting, and we find a lot of flower and fruit fallened in flowering and fruiting period. This plants formed a delayed self-pollination mechanism as its reproductive assurance through the movement of floral organ occurs. According to the results of this study, the main limiting factors for its breeding can be described as these reason: 1 resource constraints, the mountain of ganzhou area is very steep and barren, the effective resource is rarely which plant can be assigned for fruit growth in a limited resource conditions. this explains that C. grammatus exist a large number of fruit fallened in March; 2 a high selfing rate, C. grammatus with a mixed mating system and selfing represents a significant proportion in its process pf reproduction, which can lead to a lower setting in a hige selfing rate, it also coincide with the phenomenon of C. grammatus exist a large number of fruit fallened in March; 3 the seed has a low adaptability to environment, the seed easy to absorb water and germination when when environment is moisture, but less plantlet could live in winter. this is one of the limiting factor which effect the population update; 4 the seeds spread in the valley mainly by gravity, transmission routes is too single, and disadvantage for the population expand.The chemical compositions of essential oil of the leaves of C. grammatus obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC/MS, and their possible antibacterial properties in vitro and in cosmetic preservative system, antioxidant activity in vitro were screened, which we got the results of the bacteriostatic circle size and MIC/MBC of this essential oil for nine common pathogenic microorganisms, cosmetic preservative effectiveness evaluation for the oil, reducing power and scavenging activities on DPPH of the essential oil.Chemical components of essential oil is one of the indicator for chemical taxonomy. According to the analysis of the chemical compositions of essential oil, the form and content of essential oil is obvious differences between C. grammatus and other plant of Chimonanthus. For the dispute of classification system of Chimonanthus, this result support the point of view of Mao chun Liu, that Chimonanthus grammatus is a new species, and not the variety of Chimonanthus nitens. A number of component of this essential oil have been reported that they has different kinds of pharmacological activity for eliminating phlegm, antitussive, antipyretic, antiphlogosis, antibiosis, antiseptic, relieving asthma, analgesia. This study proved that essential oil of C. grammatus, of great broad spectrum antibacterial effect and moderate intensity antioxidant activity.According to the analysis that the antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity of the essential oil be relevant to the synergy effect of several components. We screened the antibacterial and antioxidant porperties by TLC-bioautography, the result shows that four kinds of components has various intensities of antioxidant activity, the antioxidant actibity of CGⅢand CGⅣis stronger then others. In the other hand, CGⅠand CGⅢhas strong antibacterial activity.