| The purpose of this research is to improve the performance of meat-producing, refine the quality of geese and offer the reference to the breeding work assisted by molecule mark. In present experiment Songliao Geese selected by Academy of Agricultural Science in Jilin province was studied as the object of research by using the method of comparative genomics. It's the first time that the nucleotide sequence of exon I of Myogenic Factor 5 (Myf5)in Songliao Geese has been cloned. And the Myf5 was analyzed about autogenous variation, meanwhile, combining with carcass quality, the correlation between different genotypes of Songliao Geese and carcass quality were also analyzed. The results showed as follow:The whole length of the nucleotide sequence of exon I in Myf5 was 432 bp, the four bases of nucleotide, A, T, C and G, stood at 13.99%,23.78%,28.67%and 33.57% respectively in the global sequence, which was not significantly different from other birds. Among one hundred and forty-three codogenic amine acid of all Leu (19.58%), Gly (18.88%), Val (11.19%) and Ala (9.09%) were used in a high frequency, and Trp, Lys and Tyr had a low frequency, only 0.70% and other amine acid occupied only 2.10%-7.69%. Ala preferred using GCA, but that for Arg was ACG+CGC+CGU, GAU for Asp, CAG for Gln, CAU for His, CCU for Pro, CUC for Leu, and UCU for Ser. All these results demonstrated that codon usage was nonrandomness, and the manoeuvre of codon usage was similar with that of ducks', and the coefficient of similarity (0.965) was the highest one. The manoeuvre of codon usage of the same gene was different, and the closer their blood relationship was, the more similar their codon usage was.The comparison analysis between the nucleotide sequence of exon I in Myf5 in Songliao Geese and that of other species was carried out. The homology between geese and mammals was 37.8%-38.5%, that between geese and fishes was 26.6%-39.7%, which was significantly lower that that between ducks and chickens. The homology between geese and ducks was 98.4%, that between geese and chickens was 91.4%.The genotype frequency of 3 genotypes (AA, AB, BB) of Myf5 was 0.789,0.079 and 0.132 respectively. AA was the dominance genotype, and allele A accounted the main dominance. The frequency of allele A and B was 0.829 and 0.171 respectively.The polymorphism of Myf 5 in geese was studied by using the technology of PCR-SSCP. The result showed that the single base at the 1334th site was change from A to Q and that of 1410th site was changed from G to C. And the two mutable point of exon I in Myf 5 caused the change of amine acid, Arg was changed into Gly and Gly into Arg.The results illustrated that living weight, carcass weight, half-eviscerated weight, whole-eviscerated weight, leg muscle weight, wing weight and dressing percentage have significantly difference of different genotype, and others have no difference. Living weight, carcass weight, half-eviscerated weight, whole-eviscerated weight, leg muscle weight and wing weight performed by genotype AA were significantly higher than that of genotype BB (P<0.05), and that between AB and AA, BB had no difference. Leg muscle weight of genotype BB was significantly lower that of AA and AB (P<0.05). Half-eviscerated weight of genotype AB was significantly higher than that of genotype AA (P<0.05). The average whole-eviscerated weight of genotype AB was significantly higher than that of genotype AA (P<0.05). Most of other carcass quality and growth had no difference. Genotype AA had higher relative average so that this gene can be used as the molecule mark during selecting high carcass quality and can be applied in the breeding work of Songliao geese. |
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