Effect Of Water And Interactions Between Species With Root Characteristics And Water Application In Maize And Pea

Serious over-exploitation of groundwater irrigation in Hexi Oasis, so for the local situation, a reasonable irrigation techniques play a guiding role in local agricultural. The experiment was conduct in the field of environment, using the original state of root barrier was aim to study the root morphology and Vertical distribution .Investigating the effects of different levels of irrigation and planting patterns to pea//maize yield, soil moisture, leaf area index. The main conclusions as following:(1) Maize and pea's root dry weight per plant in intercropping system was higher than the root dry weigh in monoculture system, and the root vertical distribution of the two levels are different in the symbiotic stage of the pea and corn. Intercropping maize and pea root dry weight increase 18.6% and 11.1% than the monoculture system. Maize root distribution at 0 - 20cm soil layer, while the roots of intercropping peas mainly distributed in 0 -10cm respectively, It accounts for the total dry weight of root 97.34% and 85.19%; In Symbiotic stage, peas in Flowering. Maize reached 0 - 50cm ,the roots of pea the vertical distribution has also reached 0-40cm. Maize and pea were in huge bellbottom period and maturity period. Pea root mainly distributed in 0-50cm soil layer, with the increase of depth, each part of root weight was less .Maize and pea's root dry weight per plant in intercropping system was higher than the root dry weigh in monoculture system, for their root affect each other in the same soil level. It showed that interspecific interactions affect root growth. Meanwhile, intercropping system was better use of the upper soil nutrients to meet crop growth and development than monoculture in the same soil conditions.(2) The no root barrier of root nodule weight> The nylon root barrier of root nodule weight>The plastic root barrier of nodules weight in three different root barrier treatments. No root barrier pea's nodule weight were significantly higher than that of nylon barrier and plastic root barrier and monoculture treatment, respectively, higher than 26.79% and 48.21% and 38.39% in the maize / pea intercropping system. And it showed that was the same in the pea nodule number and nodule weight. Show that the stronger the interaction, the better the production of pea nodules in the same species intercropping system, there are species beneficial effect.(3) Root barrier changed root morphology, at the same time for the corn//peas group of aboveground and underground department also had certain effect, but the difference was not significant. The part of ground fresh weight with plastic root barrier was decreased 11.40% and 13.96% than with no root barrier , while the nylon root barrier's peas and corn on the ground weight increase 2.001% and 1.532% than those with no root barrier , but the difference was not significant. The treatments also had some effect on maize and peas's active absorption area in intercropping system, the root active absorption area of corn and peas with plastic root barrier decrease 0.90% and 2.12% than no root barrier .The root length of maize with plastic root barrier was increased 4.41%, active absorption area decreased 2.12%.(4)Different root barrier have effect on yield:The no root barrier of yield> The nylon root barrier of yield>The plastic root barrier of yield. Similarly, Yield of nylon root barrier was increase that is due to underground root interaction intensity. No root barrier and nylon mesh root barrier yield performance was significantly better than the plastic root barrier. Because plastic root barrier was completely separated from crops root contact and exchange of water and nutrients. The yield of the with nylon mesh root barrier treatment increased 21.8% than with plastic root barrier, while it also decreased 5.7% than with no root barrier.(5) Different irrigation level have different influences on yield, we need draw a Conclusion of the threshold value of crop water saving. irrigation level 2 not only meet crop growth needs, but also play a role in saving water, it was reasonable in local situation. Irrigation level 1 (the local habit of irrigation water) is the highest amount of irrigation conditions, the yield of intercropping was highest at irrigation 1. Although the yield of Irrigation Level 2 (lower 10% water than the local habit) was lower 5.39% than it of Irrigation level 1, but the yield with two treatments were not significant. The yield with Irrigation level 3 (lower 20% water than the local habit) were lower 46.32% and 53.81% than those . And irrigation levels 3's yield were significantly different with irrigation level1and2. It concluded that the irrigation level 2 had little impact on the yield, lower 10% water than habit irrigation is reasonable to implement water-saving programs.(6) Land utilization efficiency were significantly increased in maize//pea intercropping The same land can get more economic benefits and yield. Reasonable irrigation level can improve Land utilization efficiency ,and also can save water . Land utilization efficiency can reach 1.01 to 1.48 with different treatments, and were greater than 1, it was indicated that intercropping can increase yield and farmer's income, while making the land has been fully utilized. The higher irrigation level the better of the land equivalent efficiency, but LER in irrigation level 2 were not significant diffrence than it in irrigation level 1, it showed that irrigation level 2 is reasonable.