| This completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting maize that in dry farming region in western loess plateau as the research subject was studied. There are 4 treatments: completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1), complete mulching and flat-planting (T2), half-mulching and flat-planting (T3) and flat-planting without mulching (CK). The Phonology of corn, growth condition of maize at seedling stage, soil water of at maize seedling stage, developing change of soil water, water use efficiency of maize, yield and its components of 4 treatments respectively have been studied. In order to provide technical support and theoretical basis for large area extending of completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting in dry farming region in western loess plateau. The results are as follows:1. The process of phonology of corn was accelerated by completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1). The shortest growth season of corn is 148d, T1 is ahead of 9d than T3, T2 is ahead of 7d than T3, all of them were significantly different. The rate emergence, the dry weight of plant and the stem length of maize was furthest promoted by completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1) compared with (T2), (T3) and (CK) at seedling stage.2. Soil water at maize seedling stage was increased markedly by completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1), T1 is beneficial for early growth of maize. The average soil water content of 0～10cm soil layer and the average soil water storage of 0～30cm soil layer was increased by 6.7%, 13.23mm respectively compared with T3, it was increased by 8.2%, 14.1mm respectively compared with CK at sowing time, both of them were significantly different at 0.05 level. The soil water storage of sowing lacation was increased by 3.86mm, 7.74mm and 15.03mm respectively compared with T2, T3 and CK at seedling stage, it was significantly different at 0.05 level with T3 and CK. Soil water was increased markedly and the water evaporation could be reduced markedly by completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1) in a seriously arid year, and the soil water storage have been increased by T1. The soil water storage of each soil layer of T1 was higher than that of other treatments in phases of maize vegetative growth. However, the soil water storage of each soil layer of T1 was lower than that of other treatments in phases of maize reproductive growth.3. Soil water condition of completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1) in a seriously arid year was superior to other treatments in dry farming region. Both the maize whole plant dry matter weight and the stem length of maize were increased markedly by T1. Both the stem length of maize and the dry matter accumulation under T1 treatment were higher markedly than half-mulching and flat-planting (T3) and flat-planting without mulching (CK) in each key growth period of maize. The maize whole plant dry matter weight at maturity: T1 increased 8.8% compared with T2(350.67g/plant), T1 increased 30.0% compared with T3(293.61g/plant), T1 increased 109.0% compared with CK(182.60g/plant), all of them were all significantly different at 0.05 level. The average whole plant dry matter weight of maize at maturity of T1 reached to 381.58g/plant. The stem length of maize at maturity: T1 increased 1.9% compared with T2(209cm/plant), T1 increased 17.0% compared with T3(182cm/plant), T1 increased 56.6% compared with CK(136cm/plant), All of them were all significantly different at 0.05 level except T2. The average stem length of maize at maturity of T1 reached to 213cm/plant.4. The WUE of maize of completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1) was highest than that of other treatments. The WUE of maize of complete mulching and flat-planting (T2) was higher than that of half-mulching and flat-planting(T3). The average WUE of maize at three different position(①②position,③position and④⑤⑥position): T1 increased 1.9% compared with T2, T1 increased 31.8% compared with T3, T1 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level. T2 increased 29.4% compared with T3, T2 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level. The average WUE of T1 reached to 24.15 kg/hm~2·mm. The double ear rate of maize, the 1000-grain weight of maize and the increases yield under completely mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting (T1) in a seriously arid year were all higher than that of other treatments. Weight yield of kernels: T1 increased 3.3% compared with T2, T1 increased 49.8% compared with T3, T2 increased 45.0% compared with T3, T1 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level, T2 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level. The 1000-grain weight: T1>T2>T3, T1 increased 5.6% compared with T2, T1 increased 21.9% compared with T3, T1 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level. The double ear rate: T1>T2>T3, T1 increased by 2.6% compared with T2, T1 increased by 10.9% compared with T3, T1 and T3 was significantly different at 0.05 level. |
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