| Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important vegetable crops, the production of asexual reproduction mainly by the bulb. Garlic in the long process of asexual reproduction , accumulation of susceptible viruses and widespread, resulting in degradation of caste, quality and yield. Garlic apical meristem removal combined with heat treatment is an effective method of garlic virus, the virus can be effectively removed most of the substantial increase in the quality and yield of garlic. However, difficult the garlic shoot tip culture propagation coefficient low, virus identification difficulties, virus-free seed production costs high, a virus-free garlic seed cultivation and production of application bottlenecks.This research shoot apical meristem culture of garlic with heat treatment approach removal of viruses,and to establish the garlic shoot tips virus-free culture system. And substitute with fresh or low temperature storage of garlic sprouts as explants to study the storage time and culture of plant growth hormones induce the formation of inflorescence axis of bulbils, and the size of bulbils, temperature and plant hormone on aerial germination rate of the bulbs. Detected by scanning electron microscopy before and after tissue culture of garlic removal virus contained in the virus situation.(1) Two species of garlic bulbs by the line combination of heat treatment and detoxification of tip growing point.The results showed that MS +0.1 mg / L NAA +0.5 mg/L6-BA garlic shoot tips on medium had a higher germination rate and in vitro bulb formation rate, but also a strong growth potential, germination rate and in vitro bulb formation rate up to 97.4% and 87.2%; 30d at 37℃heat treatment after the bulb of garlic shoot tips have a higher formation rate; cut the size of 0.3 ~ 0.5mm tip, the tip have a higher survival rate, bulb formation rate and growth potential.(2)The inflorescence of garlic can be used as an explant in vitro to formed bulblets. After low temperature storage, formation rate of bulblets is relatively low. Formation of bulblets germinated by the impact of bulblets size. By MS as medium,with no storage and storage30,60,90and120d, respectively, the inflorescences of garlic were used as explants for tissue culture.The results indicated that the formation rate of bulblets could reach 95.0% under the interactions treatments of MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+ABA 1.0 mg/L,after 60 d storage at 4℃. Small bulblets can germinate rapidly and theirs shooting rate is high reached 77.9%,but big bulblets come to the opposite.The MS+ NAA 0.05 mg/L+6-BA 0.1 mg/L medium is appropriate proportion,which can induce more bulblet shooting(3)In order to provide theroretical guidance for screening no virus plants and application, electron microscope technology is used to detect the virus of the Late garlic from Gansu and King of garlic Lu from Shandong.The results showed in the Late garlic from Gansu it had Potyvirus,Shallot latent virus(ShLY), Garlic common latent virus and Carlavirus;in King of garlic Lu from Shandong garlic it had Shallot latent virus(ShLY), Potyvirus and many different long length virus. That within the scope of this study, treatment with garlic shoot tip culture of garlic can be effective virus removal, virus-free rate of 60% or more. |
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