Preliminary Study On The Tidal-flat Areamangrove Fungi From Zhanjiang

During past three years from November,2008 to March,2011,we deal with the mangrove fungi in mangrove national natural protection area of Gaoqiao and Techeng Isle,Zhanjiang and aim to preliminary investigate the species and distribution of the mangrove fungi in the tidal-flat area.This will lay a good foundation for marine fungi resources development and utilization. From different types of trees(Avicennia maria, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa)and tidal zone(low,middle.high),550 soil samples have been collected and a total of 274 isolates were recovered. The major results are as follows:1.We adopted morphological and molecular methods to identify the fungi and made clear the species and distribution of the mangrove fungi in the tidal-flat area of Zhanjiang. The 274 strains are belong to 39 species of 19 genera. 34 species were identified to species and 5 species were identified to genus,including a new record in China,Talaromyces helicus.Besides, 3 species need further studies. The results were showed as follow. Penicillium restrictum,P. aculeatum,P. verruculosum,P. glabrum and P. citrinum; Talaromyces stipitatus,T. flavus,T. trachyspermus and China new record T. helicus; Aspergillus niger,A.japonicus,A. flavus,A. Ochraceus,A.sydowii,A. terreus,A. sp.; Fusarium oxysporum,F.chlamydosporum,F. Solani; Trichoderma harzianum,T. Erinaceum; Cladosporium cladosporioides and C.sphaerospermum; Pestalotiopsis microspora and P. Palmarum; Bipolaris hawaiiensis and B.australiensis; Acremonium sp.,Gliomastix murorum,Scedosporium apiospermum,Pichia guilliermondii,Hortaea werneckii,Mycosphaerella sp.,Curvularia sp.; Phoma betae,Microsphaeropsis arundinis; Rhizopus oryzea,Nigrospora oryzae。Thus it can be seen that there was a high diversity of marine fungi of idal-flat area from Zhanjiang.2. Made clear the isolation frequency of mangrove fungi species in the tidal-flat area of Zhanjiang. After isolation and purification,it revealed that the isolation frequency of Aspergillus and Penicillium was relatively high. It was 23.4% and 22.6%,respectively. And then Trichoderma, 12.0%. Fusarium,Cladosporium and Talaromyces was 8.4%,8.4% and 7.3%,respectively. Other genera was also found in a certain proportion. So the dominant genera of Zhangjiang mangrove tidal-flat area is Aspergillus and Penicillium.3. There are differences in the species and amount of the mangrove fungi from 3 tidal zone within Zhangjiang mangrove tidal-flat area. The most species (23 species) were in middle tidal zone,which belong to 18 genera. The dominant genera are Penicillium and Talaromyces. High tidal zone comes second(23 species).Belong to 11 genera. The dominant genera are Aspergillus and Fusarium. The species in low tidal zone is 10 species,which belong to 18 genera. The dominant genera are Penicillium and Aspergillus. Moreover, the number of isolates in per gram soil samples were accounted. The number of isolates in per gram soil samples from Gaoqiao region(1.00×10~3-2.50×10~3 cfu/g) was more than its from Techeng Isle(0.05×10~3-1.70×10~3 cfu/g).There are more isolates from the middle tidal zone in Gaoqiao region and more isolates from the high and middle tidal zone in Techeng Isle. And besides,more isolates were in the 0-5cm soil layers than deep soils,from the same palce.