Effect Of Potassium And Sulfur Fertilizer Rates On The Combustibility And Quality Of Oriental Tobacco

Field experiments was conducted in Xinchang and Shengzhou of Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2010, Year 2009 -2010, The soil nutrient status for tobacco and the tobacco quality were analysised, and the effect of the amount of sulfur fertilizer and K rates on the growth, physiological characteristics, yield and quality of oriental tobacco were studied in Yangkeng village in Xinchang country. The results as follows:1,The soil terrain was complex: the soil pH was neutral to weak acidic, the content of organic material and available Phosphorous were rich, the content of available nitrogen was moderate, but the content of chloride ion was less than 30mg/kg, which would not cause the chlorine of levels excessive to lowering the combustibility of oriental tobacco; available potassium content was low. However, some of soil available sulfur content was high levels. The nutrient content were vary widely between different soils, and the exact amount of fertilizer was grasp difficultly.2. The chemical composition and mineral elements content of tobacco leaves in Xinchang, Shengzhou were inharmonious, It is concretely represented that: sugar and potassium content were lower, sulfur content was higher, total nitrogen and nicotine content were higher in some areas, chloride content was lowest. It were made effect in the combustibility of oriental tobacco that incompatible chemical composition and mineral elements, tobacco burned not full, burning ash color was poor.3. In a certain scale, increasing potassium fertilizer could promote dry matter accumulation in tobacco plant. At the early stage after transplanting, Due to the lower temperature, the tobacco plant grew slowly, dry matter accumulated slowly, and it was no difference among treatments. With advancing growth stages, compared to CK, application of potassium fertilizer could promoted the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plant, but when potassium fertilizer reached to 337.5kg/hm~2, the total dry matter accumulation decreased; Dry matter distributed higher ratio in the stem, followed by leaves. Between four treatments, dry matter accumulation of T2 was the best.4. Apply potassium fertilizer could promote the uptake of mineral elements by tobacco, the potassium effective absorption and accumulation in leaves were not higher than the stem; the same time, increasing potassium fertilizer could promote more sulfur was absorbed, and the leaves accumulated higher sulfur content ,which would decreased the combustibility and quality of oriental tobacco.5. Application of potassium fertilizer properly had great impact on the yield and quality of oriental tobacco. Apply a certain amount of potassium fertilizer could increase the yield and quality in different degree, and the total sugar, reducing sugar, potassium and sulfur increased significantly, while Calcium and Magnesium had reduces. Filling value, leaf density and applying potassium showed a positive relation, leaf blade weight and applying potassium showed negative relation. When the application of potassium fertilizer was increasing, the tobacco after-glow time was prolonged, the ash colour was better. Applying potassium fertilizer could increase and coordinate the content of flavor matter, the aroma and taste were better, aroma type was significant. Base on comprehensive consideration of products, outputs, chemical composition, the mineral elements, the theoretical potassium application rate for effects was 225kg/hm~2.6.Application of sulfur could promote elongation of tobacco plant and enlargement of stem thickness at low concentrations, However, application of too much sulfur could inhibit vegetative growth of tobacco plant, making the plant was shorter, the root was underdevelopment. Meanwhile, too much sulfur could increase the sulfur accumulation of tobacco plant, and the content was higher in the tobacco leaves, which effect on the quality of tobacco.7.Application of sulfur could increase the content of chlorophyll, enhance photosynthesis of tobacco plant, increased the content of soluble protein, but too much sulfur could lead to late maturity, consumed more nutrient, effect on the quality of tobacco.8.Application of sulfur fertilizer could increase the leaf blade weight and leaf density, decrease the filling value and tension of tobacco leaves. Application of sulfur could promote the yield and quality of oriental tobacco, the theoretical sulfur application rate for the yield was 3.75kg/667m2. In a certain scale, application of sulfur fertilizer could promote the absorption for potassium, magnesium and sulfur. Unfortunately, as the application of sulfur fertilizer exceed 3.75kg/667m2, the content of tobacco exceed the optimum range (0.2%～0.7%), and had bad effect on the quality of tobacco. The content of total sugar, total nitrogen, calcium and applying sulfur showed negative relation. In addition, low-concentration sulfur could improve the combustibility of oriental tobacco, high-concentration sulfur could decrease the combustibility of oriental tobacco. Application of sulfur could increase the content of flavor matter in a certain scale, too much sulfur could decrease the flavor matter content, which could not be burned fully, the aroma and taste began to deteriorate. Comprehensive comparison, the theoretical sulfur application rate for effects was 3.75kg/667m2.