Effects Of Different Cultivation Modes On Population Physiological Characteristics, Yield And Nutrient Utilization Of Spring Maize

Using local advocate high-yield maize variety jinshan 27as test material, effects of different cultivation modes on Population Physiological characteristics, yield and nutrient utilization of spring maize were studied on a farm of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities located in West Liao He Plain from 2009 to 2010 by methods of field experiment and indoor experiment. The results showed that:Leaf area index and leaf orientation were all Higher Yield Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode; leaf angle was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode>Higher Yield Cultivation Mode.Content of chlorophyll of Higher and High Yield Cultivation Mode were significantly higher than Farmer Cultivation Mode. Day changes of photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates of different cultivations all showed a single peak curve, the maximum values of the average photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were both in the silking stage, and averages of the two indicators were all Higher Yield Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode> Farmer Cultivation Mode in each growth stage.Activities of leaf SOD and POD were all Higher Yield Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode,which came to the maximum after ten days of silking; content of leaf MDA was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode>Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, which increased gradually after ten days of silking.Root weight per plant was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, which was in contrast after the jointing stage, and root weight per unit area was Higher Yield Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode. Ratio of root weight of 0-20cm soil layer accounting total root weight was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, however, the proportion of that was opposite for 20cm soil layers below. Root activities of different soil layers were all Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode. Ratio of crown and root in different growth stages were all Farmer Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation.Dry matter accumulation per plant aboveground was Farmer Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, and dry matter accumulation per unit area Higher Yield Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode. Comparing with the Farmer Cultivation Mode, grain yield of Higher Yield Cultivation Mode increased by 38.48%(2009) and 36.87%(2010), and that of High Yield Cultivation Mode increased by 30.79%(2009) and 33.76%(2010).Content of plant NPK, accumulation amounts, absorption rates and harvest indexes of N and P were all Higher Yield Cultivation Mode> High Yield Cultivation Mode> Farmer Cultivation Mode, but harvest index of K was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode. Utilization efficiency of N was High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode>Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, Utilization efficiency of P was Farmer Cultivation Mode＞High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Higher Yield Cultivation Mode, and Utilization efficiency of K was Higher Yield Cultivation Mode>High Yield Cultivation Mode＞Farmer Cultivation Mode.High yield cultivation model for 1.4363 yuan/hm2 net income (2009),1.5082 yuan/hm2 (2010), the cultivation mode than farmers incomes 32.1%(2009),37.7%(2010); High-yield cultivation mode than again increasing 20.9%(2009),29.9%(2010). and High Yield Cultivation Mode took into account high yield and high efficiency, which was the main cultivation mode for high yield and high efficiency cultivation of spring maize in pilot area.