Comparative Study On The Morphology Of Hemocytes Of Grasshoppers In Oedipodidae

Grasshoppers are main pest of agriculture in the world.Up to now eight families,238 genuses,over 1000 species of grasshoppers in china have been found,and 4 subfamilies,7 genuses,124 species in Oedipodi dae. Immunty of grasshopper include humoral and cellular defense resp onses,and the later are in main position.cellular defense response are he mocyte-mediated immune response,depending on the funcion of hemocy tes.The article picked up 10 species of grasshoppers in Oedipodidae to study the morphology of their hemocytes.This studu not only pro vide bases for grasshopper morphology, but also grasshopper physiology , grasshopper immunity and locust control.By using wright's stain solution and optical microscopic,the fine st ructure of the 10 grasshoppers were studied,the morohology were depic ted, the morphology,quantity,size of hemocytes were compared between those species. The results as follewed:hemocytes of grasshoppers in Oedipodidae can be devieded into 4 types with 15 subtypes.The 4 types are prohaemocytes (PR),plasmatocytes(PL),granulocytes(GR) a nd oenocytoids(OE).The 15 subtypes are red-nucleared red-cytoplasmed PL,red-nucleared colorless-cytoplasmed PL,blue-nucleared blue-cytoplasm ed PL,blue-nucleared red-cytoplasmed PL,blue-nucleared colorless-cytopla smed PL,red-nucleared blue-cytoplasmed GR,red-nucleared red-cytoplasm ed GR,red-nucleared colorless-cytoplasmed GR,blue-nucleared blue-cytopl asmed GR,blue-nucleared colorless-cytoplasmed GR,blue-nucleared colorl ess-cytoplasmed GR,red-nucleared OE and blue-nucleared OE. PR are t he smallest hemocyte,ratio of nucleus and cytoplasma is high,rare cyto plasma,nucleus is red. the nucleus of PL was dyed red and blue,and the cytoplasma was dyed red,blue and colorless.So PL has 6 subtypes, th e nucleus of GR was dyed red and blue,and the cytoplasma was dyed red,blue and colorless.So PL has 6 subtypes.OE is the biggest hemocy tes,the nucluse of which were dyed red and blue,so OE has 2 subty pes. PL and GR are dominant hemocytes,accouted for 90% of total he mocytes.They play main role in grosshopper immunity.PR make up 10 % of total hemocytes.The function of PR is differentiated into other he mocytes.OE make up less than 3% of total hemocytes. The function of OE is take part in the material metabolism and secretory acticity. Th e evolution relation of hemocytes were studied,as "stem"cell,PR differe ntied into PL, and PL differentiated into red-nucleus plasmatocytes and b lue-nucleus plasmatocytes. Blue-nucleus plasmatocytes are further evolutio nized into blue-nucleus granulocyte and oenocytoids while red-nucleus pla smatocytes are evolutionized into red-nucleus granulocyte and oenocytoids .The same type of hemocytes in differernt species are less differernt i n size,the nucluse of PL,GR and OE are as same as PR in size.We a lso found a kind of very large cell on slide,which were called Giant C ell, the ratio of nucleus and cytoplasma is very high, cytoplasma coul d barely be seen.,round,diameter of Giant Cell is more than 50μm,wer e dyed into two colour:red and blue. The function and classification of Giant Cell were unkown.