The Morphology Study On Hemocytes Of Oxya Chinensis

Oxya chinensis as plant hoppers, cause great damage to crops such as rice. In recent years, research on insect hemocytes is very active, but its morphological characteristics and classification have been the focus of the research. Insect immune system is the basis for its survival; it mainly depends on the cell-mediated immunity. Research morphological classification, characteristics function and immune system of hemocytes, not only helps blood diagnosis, classification of the insect and evolution of populations, also provides ideas and references for insect physiology, biochemical features, Immunology research and prevention.In this article, hemocytes of Oxya chinensis were stained with Wright-Giemsa, and ICSH standard method, using five histochemical methods staining for particulates, such as POX, ACP, CAE, ORO and PAS, and observed under Light Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope. It was found that hemocytes morphologically classification is similar in male and female adults of Oxya chinensis. There were nine types of hemocytes:Prohaemocytes, Plasmatocytes, Granulocytes, Oenocytoids, Spherule cells, Adipohemocytes, Cystocytes, Vermiform cells and Megakaryocytes. They respectively accounted for 2%,36.1%,47.8%,1%,3.2%,2.5%,6.2%,0.2%and 1%.Prohaemocytes was a monocyte. When stained with Wright-Giemsa they become mauve and one can barely see the cytoplasm. Cell outline was very clear and there were no pseudopodia in the LM and EM; Plasmatocytes morphology was diverse, there was a dark blue or purple nucleus by Wright-Giemsa staining. Cytoplasm was uniform and appeared pink, purple or transparent color, free of particles; the surface of hemocytes was smooth and stretched pseudopodia in the SEM. Free ribosome, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were found in the TEM; Granulocytes, when stained with Wright-Giemsa, its nucleus were crimson or purple. Cytoplasm contained a variety of particles. Surface was uneven and stretched pseudopodia in the SEM. Mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and rounded inclusions were found in the TEM; the nuclear-cytoplasm ratio of oenocytoids was large, and sometimes there was off-center single-core or multi-core phenomenon. It was purple or blue by Wright-Giemsa staining. Cytoplasm contained a few particles and transparent vesicles. The picture of electron microscopy showed that the surface of hemocytes was rough and there were no pseudopodia; Spherule cells were oval or round, nucleus was stained deeply. Cytoplasm contained spherical vesicles, large vesicles cause cell swelling in the SEM; The morphology of Adipohemocytes, in which cytoplasmic contained transparent vacuoles, is similar to that of plasmatocytes and granulocytes. The surface of hemocytes was uneven in the SEM. Mitochondria, vacuoles and round dense electron particles could be seen in the TEM; The nucleus of Cystocytes was clear, it was pink by Wright-Giemsa staining, surrounded by a transparent zone and wheel-shaped annulus, some particles were dispersed in the cytoplasm;The morphology of vermiform cells look like worms, flat and slim, cytoplasm contained particulate matter or vesicles. The surface of hemocytes was uneven in the SEM; Megakaryocytes was large hemocytes, the morphology of which is similar to the prohaemocytes. The diopter of surface was different and there were no pseudopodia in the SEM. Using five histochemical methods staining for particulates, it was found that there were lysosomes, microfossils and phospholipids in hemocytes of Oxya chinensis, and a lot of esterase in the blood film. In addition, this article also discussed the function and evolution of Oxya hemocytes.