Comparative Study On The Morphology Of Hemocytes Of Grasshoppers In Oedipodidae

Hemocytes play an important role in the immune of insects. Insect hemocytes have varied formes. The shapes and types of hemocytes and the apoptosis materials are different in different development stages of Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg). The relevent physiological and biochemical functions are different as well. Therefore, the identification of hemocyte types and the understanding of cellular immune response are basis for the prevention and control of locust.Using the Wright’s stain solution and optical microscope, the structure of the hemocytes in different stages of Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg) were observed. The variation of the types, quantity, size were described. According to the observation, Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg) have4types of hemocytes:prohaemocytes (PR), plasmatocytes (PL), granulocytes (GR) and oenocytoids (OE).The Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg) hatches from the eggs and begin to do further growth and development. As the immune cells of the locust, hemocytes prevent the bady from foreign invasion and play an important role in the regeneration of cells and organs. Thus, the research on the development of Hemocytes have an important biological signification in the immune system of the Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg).The just hatched Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg) is counted as0day larve. In this stage, the hemocytes are the first basic form of the blood of the Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg). The hemocytes in1-5instars of the insects are taken and studied successively. The hemocytes of adult insect are also studied. The hemocytes of each instars of the insect are counted, measured and photographed. Based on our observation of different ages of Oxya Chinesis, the results show that the plasmatocyte is differentiated from prohaemocyte and transformate into granulocyte and that the evolutionary relationships between hemocytes. The results show that the dynamical changing of hemocytes of Oxya Chinesis is closely linked to the growth and development of the larva. The0day larva is full of prohaemocytes. With the grows of the insect, prohaemocytes gradually differentiat into other types. The prohaemocytes intend to reduce after0day stage. At the same time, the number of other types of hemocytes become bigger. During the differentiation of hemocytes, plasmutocyte, oenocytoid and granulocyte appear very early and have certain regularities in every instar of Oxya Chinesis (Thunberg). But the oenocytoid has relatively constant proportion. It is also observed that plasmutocyte and granulocyte have a function of phagocytose. Oenocytoid, large cells, spherical cells and some intermediate types of cells have not phagocytosis function.The order of the appearance of all kinds of hemocytes may be related with the role of their function in the immune system of Oxya Chinesis. Granulocyte and plasmutocyte in insects have important functions of immune monitoring and defencing. With the growth of the larva, the immune system is established step by step. As the most important immuse cells, the numbers of plasmutocyte and granulocyte increase gradually. It is not demonstrated whether the oenocytoid and the large cells participate the cellular immune.