Studies On Ecological Formula Fertilization Of Chinese Yam

Chinese yam is one of a kind high yield and high-efficient cash crop which integrates food, vegetable, medicine, feed and material. It has good officinal and nutritional value, as well as very vase development prospects. But the research about its fertilizing patterns is rare at present, even the phenomenon of irrational and blind fertilization can be found in spreading manure process, which aggravates soil quality problems, exacerbates diseases and insect pests, affects output and quality severely, and reduces the productivity of Chinese yam.For these reasons, the thesis studied the effect of ecological formula fertilization (EFF) on biological characteristics of the soil, disease conditions, growth traits, yield and quality of the yam in the experiment plots of Pingyao and Taigu in Shanxi province. And it also explored the change rule of soil microbe amount, soil enzyme activity, disease index, agronomic characters, output and quality under the different fertilization treatments conditions. On that basis, T2that combined suitably application of microbial fertilizer with fighting heavy stubble strains primarily and vegetative strains as complementary, organic and inorganic manure was confirmed to be the best treatment, and expected to be the special formulation of Chinese yam high-quality production and soil ecological fertilizer. After that, this thesis would provide a scientific foundation for developing microbial fertilizer, overcoming continuous cropping obstacles and promoting the EFF. The results were as follows:(1) In the experiment plots of Pingyao and Taigu, the soil microbe amount of farmers'common practice treatment was always lower than the EFF during Chinese yam growth stages. And the soil microbial total amount of T2was14.3CFU/g and9.9CFU/g respectively.The EFF increased significantly the amount of soil microbe (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes), strengthened the activities of soil catalase and urease, but reduced the denitrifying bacteria amount, which offered a better condition for Chinese yam growth and organism transformation.(2) The different fertilization treatments had a remarkable impact on leaf disease index, EFF could to some extent lower the morbidity rate and disease index, enhanced the control effect, T1that combined suitably application of microbial fertilizer with vegetative strains primarily and fighting heavy stubble strains as complementary, organic and inorganic manure was slightly less than T2. The control effect of T2was51.8%and58.4%respectively in the experiment plots of Pingyao and Taigu.(3) The EFF could increase leaf chlorophyll content obviously, which might help to accumulate assimilation. At the same time, it also increased the shoot dry weight, the thick and fresh weight of tuber, the rate of economic potato, the effect of T2treatment was better than T1.(4)Results also indicated that EFF could not only enhance yield, but improve the quality of Chinese yam. Overall, T2treatment was the best fertilizing pattern. The yield of Pingy yam and Taigu yam treating on T2was34.13t/hm2and36.47t/hm2respectively, compared with C1, the output of T2increased by20.9%and10.8%.