Effects Of Fertilization Formula And Level On Wheat Yield,Quality And Fertilizer Utilization Under Different Soil Fertility

The experimentation was carried out at Zaohe town of Suqian city in Jiangsu province. With Huaimai19 (medium gluten wheat)and Yannong19 (strong gluten wheat)as materials, effects of fertilization formula and level on wheat yield,quality and fertilizer utilization under different soil fertility were studied at Huaibei area.The main experimental results showed as follows.1,The suitable fertilization fomula that avail to harmonize high-yield and high-amylum-quality of two varieties were: nitrogenous fertilizer(N,the same as follows)202.5kg/hm2,phosphorous fertilizer(P,the same as follows)90kg/hm2,potassic fertilizer(K,the same as follows)135kg/hm2 at high fertility soil(H-F-S,the same as follows);N270kg/hm2,P90kg/hm2,K135kg/hm2 at middle fertility soil(M-F-S,the same as follows);N337.5kg/hm2,P90kg/hm2,K135kg/hm2 at at low fertility soil(L-F-S,the same as follows).With the soil fertility descending,grain yield of two varieties become lower,the amylum-quality,wet gluten,protein and other primary quality index of wheat become worse.2,It was a quadratic regression equation between yield and fertilization level at H-F-S,M-F-S and the application of N at L-F-S of two varieties,With the application of fertilizer increasing the grain yield increased,but the yield going down when the application of fertilizer exceed a critical numerical value.With the application of P,K at L-F-S increasing,yield of two varieties enhance duratively.Though equation operation,the results shows that, the suitable N,P,Kfertilization amount to achieve top yield for two varieties were: 237.28,85.42,130.67kg/hm2 for Huaimai19 and 250.23,84.43,137.95kg/hm2 for Yannong19 atH-F-S; 252.34,93,146.87kg/hm2 for Huaimai19 and 270.63,88.77,149.34kg/hm2 for Yannong19 at M-F-S; 314.01,90~135,135~202.5 kg/hm2 for Huaimai19 and 330.91,90~135,135~202.5 kg/hm2 for Yannong19 at L-F-S.3,With the application of N increasing at three kinds of different fertility soils,the amylum and amylose content of wheat grain of two varieties play down originally then increase,the wet gluten content,protein content and sedimentation volume of two varieties mounting up duratively,but the grain test weight decreasing duratively.The application of N does orderlinessless accommodate effect to the RVA eigenvalue of wheat flour of two varieties.4,With the application of P increasing,the peak viscosity and breakdown of RVA eigenvalue of wheat flour of two varieties increase,the peak tempreture decrease;the amylum and amylose content of two varieties play down originally then mount up at H-F-S and M-F-S,which decreasing duratively at L-F-S;the wet gluten,protein content and sedimentation volume of Huaimai19 go up originally then play down at H-F-S and M-F-S,which going up duratively at L-F-S. With the application of P increasing,the grain test weight of two varieties play down duratively at three kinds of different fertility soils;the wet gluten,protein content of Yannong19 increase duratively,the sedimentation volume go up originally then decrease at H-F-S and M-F-S which increase duratively at L-F-S.5,With the application of K increasing, the peak viscosity and breakdown of RVA eigenvalue of wheat flour of two varieties increase,the influence to RVA eigenvalue at L-F-S are different between two varieties. With the application of K increasing, the amylum and amylose content of two varieties play down originally then mount up at H-F-S and M-F-S which decreasing duratively at L-F-S; the wet gluten,protein content and grain test weight of Huaimai19 go up duratively at three soils;the sedimentation volume increase originally the decrease at H-F-S which go up duratively at M-F-S and L-F-S;the wet gluten content of Yannong19 increase duratively at three soils,the protein content and sedimentation volume of Yannong19 increase originally then play down at H-F-S and M-F-S which increase duratively at L-F-S.6,It was a quadratic regression equation between fertilizer uptake and N utilization of wheat plant and fertilization level at H-F-S,M-F-S and the application of N at L-F-S of two varieties,With the application of fertilizer increasing the fertilizer uptake and N utilization of wheat plant increase.When the applicaition amount exceed a critical numerical value,the fertilizer uptake and N utilization becoming worse.The experimention shows that the critical numerical value were:N202.5,270,337.5kg/hm2 at H-F-S,M-F-S and L-F-S;P90 kg/hm2,K135 kg/hm2 at H-F-S and M-F-S.The fertilizer uptake and N utilization and of wheat plant increase duratively at L-F-S with the application of P,K increasing.