Introduction Of Physiological And Ecological Characteristics Of The Grapes In The Area Of ​​yinchuan And Its Promotional Value

The grape(Vitis vinifera L.) belongs the Vitaceae family, the Vitis genus. According to Li, at present, there are more than twenty different table grape varieties in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR). However, little research has been done on comparing these varieties. The development of the local grape industry is restricted by many problems, including the lack of table grape varieties with good quality and high yield. Also the largely saline-alkali soil is not suitable for grape growing in NHAR, where has very suitable climate conditions for grape growing. In order to demonstrate the climate advantages, find good grape variety suitable for the saline-alkali soil, compare grape quality, and increase grape yield. This study assesses the suitability of these seven grape varieties for growing in NHAR: Crimson Seedless, Thompson Seedless, Moldova, Red Globe, Gold Finger, Cardinal and Muscat Kyoho.The growing seven grapes were planted in the field experiment base of Minzu University of China (MUC) in2009. It is located in Helan County of Yinchuan City in NHAR. I carried out field experiment in May to October2010, mainly compared plant growth vigor. I compared the physiological and ecological characteristic parameters, such as leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), Transpiration Rate (Tr), chlorophyll fluorescence features (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll content, leaf water potential, and others in August to September2011. At the same time, I surveyed selected fruit companies and farmers by means of a questionnaire in Yinchuan City. The investigation content included obtaining information on the popular grape varieties, fruit quality and yield, market prices as well as growers' views on the soil quality suitable for different grape varieties. This thesis integrates the results of fruit company and farmer questionnaires and the field experiment results. I assess the promotion possibility of introduced grape varieties and evaluate the theoretical and practical value for the grape industry development in Yinchuan City and NHAR.I can conclude that:(1) Moldova has very high Pn, growth vigor, fruit yield, high quality and market price. It requires very simple field management. After three years,96%of plants have fruit. Moldova has the best value to promote widely in Yinchuan area as a late-maturing variety.(2) Red Globe has rather high Pn. It can grow in high content organic matter and salinity. Furthermore, it has higher fruit yield and market price, and better fruit quality than the same variety grown in low organic matter and salinity. Red Globe could be suitable for promotion in saline-alkaline soil.(3) Muscat Kyoho has low Tr and water potential. It is drought resistant and saline-alkali tolerant. It also has good fruit yield, quality, and market price. Muscat Kyoho could be suitably promoted in Yinchuan area.(4) Gold Finger has very high Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content and growth vigor. It shows strong photosynthesis potential. It also has excellent fruit quality and market price. Moreover, it has very high ornamental and taste value with a unique fruit shape and flavor. Gold Finger should be promoted as high-grade grape and could be planted in the tourism districts and you-picking gardens.(5) Crimson Seedless has medium Pn, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and water potential. But the growth vigor is very high in same periods compared with other six grape varieties. Crimson Seedless should be suitably promoted to make up for the lack of extremely late grape varieties.(6) Thompson Seedless has rather high Pn, low water potential. It is drought resistant and saline-alkali tolerant. Although the fruit yield, quality, and market price are medium, the content of total sugar, total acid, and Vc are superior to Daqing and Cardinal, which current are the local popular grapes. Thompson Seedless should be more suitable than the local grapes of the early maturing variety.(7) Cardinal has high Pn and fruit yield, but the market price is very low. Harvesting can be harvested twice a year, although with lesser yields for the second harvest. If the second harvest results could be improved, Cardinal growing could be cultivated at the current widespread rate in Yinchuan area.