Analysis And Verification On Technological Model Of High Yield And High Efficiency In Maize

To increase maize yield and improve water and fertilizer use efficiencycollaboratively,we set four maize cultivatio models (treatments) in yulin,shaanxi province in2009-2011.Treatment1(T1):farmer's cultivation model;Treatment2(T2): the model of highyield and efficiency cultivation (target:yield and water, fertilizer improved of10%-15%);Treatment3(T3):super high yield cultivation model(target: yield increase ofexceed30%);Treatment4: the model of more high yield and efficiency cultivation(T4):(target: yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency improve of30%-50%),thoughanalysising grain yield,water and fertilizer use efficiency,photosynthetic and dry matteraccumulation and translocation characteristics to verificative three cultivation models forexploring and clearing the physiological machanism and basis of increasing maize yield andimproving water and fertilizer use efficiency collaboratively.The main research results asfollows:1.In2009-2011,the spring maize grain yield of four cultivation models showed:T3＞T4＞T2＞T1,compared with T1,the spring maize grain yield of T2,T3and T4increased of11.21%-22.49%,36.34%-52.41%and34.88%-45.99%respectively,which reached significantlevel (P＜0.01),3cultivation model achieved the test target of increasing yield.In the yieldcomponent, increasing the effectively spikes unit land area notably was a key approach onincreasing yield with3cultivation models.2.In2009-2011,the spring maize water use efficiency (WUE) of four cultivation modelsshowed:T3＞T4＞T2＞T1,the WUE of T2, T3and T4improved34.83%-45.97%,36.36%-52.4%and14.87%-22.46%than T1respectively,which reached significant level (P＜0.01), T2(except2009) and T4achieved the test target of improving WUE and T3reachedthe purpose of effective use of water resources.3.In2009-2011,the nitrogen use efficiency (PFPN)of four cultivation models showed:T3＞T4＞T2＞T1,compared with T1,the PFPN T2,T3and T4improved11.19%-22.47%,-31.84%--23.81%and1.14%-9.49%.T2(except2009) and T4did not achieve the test target ofimproving PFPN, T3had the lowest of four cultivation models.4.In2009-2011,the LAI,LAD,SPAD value and Pn,Gs and Tr of unit area,CGR afteranthesis,dry matter accumulation amount,TADMVOBA,TRDMVOBA,CDMTAVOGBA and AADMAA in growing period of spring maize of four cultivation models showed T2,T3and T4＞T1.The physiological fondement of increasing yield and improving efficiency ofT2,T3and T4were that spring maize had the high yield population of higher photosyntheticefficiency and longer functional period,formed reasonable population structure,had biggerTADMVOBA and AADMAA and higher moving ability of dry matter.5.In2009-2011,the DMANFE and DMAANFEAA of spring maize with four cultivationmodels showed T2＞T1＞T4＞T3; the TADMVONEPBA of spring maize with fourcultivation models showed T2,T4＞T1＞T3.The physiological basis of T2improved PFPNwere spring maize had higher DMANFE,DMAANFEAA and TRDMVONEPBA,the lowerDMANFE,DMAANFEAA and TRDMVONEPBA of T3and T4were the reason of lowerPFPN with T3andT46.In the modern basis,compared with T1,T2achieved the targets of increasing yield andimproving WUE and PFPN;T3achieved the target of increasing yield;T4achieved the targetsof increasing yield and improving WUE and did not achieve the target of improving PFPN.