Analysis On Castor Bean's Phytogenetic Relationships And Fatty Acid Components And Observation Of Seed Development

Castor(Ricinus communis L.) is one of the most important oil-bearing crops all over the world. Currently, the involved study in our country about castor mainly focus on crop cultivation and application. Study on molecular breeding of castor, especially on phytogenetic relationships is not common. For germplasm repository of castor is not completed all over the world, the germplasm resources, variety identification and genetic diversity still need further study. In this study,20cultivars(hybrids) and1wild Yongzhou variety was collected and the phytogenetic relationship was investigated; on this basis, fatty acid components of castor seeds of21varieties was determined through the way of GC-MS; at the same time, the breeding process of castor seeds was observed through paraffin slices, which is prepared for the further relative studies in the regulation of fatty acid.The results are listed as follows:1.20cultivars(hybrids) and1wild Yongzhou variety was collected and the phyto-genetic relationship was investigated,21RAPD primers were picked out from200primers for RAPD analysis.75bands totally were obtained using the21primers. Among those bands,45bands had polymorphism, accounting for54.27%. The result of cluster analysis using UPGMA method showed that21genotypes could be clustered together when the genetic distant value is0.1468. The results showed that the genetic diversity is not rich.2. The fatty acid components in castor seeds of21varieties was identified. The castor oil mainly contained ricinoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, little palmitinic acid, stearinic acid, and linolenic acid. The variant range of ricinoleic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid content is72.82%-89.54%,2.97%-8.54%,3.47%-10.55%respectively. In addition, the palmitinic acid and stearinic acid are about1%, the linolenic acid is around0.5%.3. The result of cytological observation of castor seed showed that there was a transformation process from starch metabolism to fatty acid metabolism during the development of seeds, and this process comes into being about ten to eighteen days after pollination.4. Observing the development of castor seeds through the way of paraffin slices, it was found that the type of castor seeds'endosperm is nuclear endosperm.