| Background and ObjectivesHistory of development of general anesthesia has been around 160 years, on the mechanism of action of general anesthetics has been the focus and difficult projects of Anesthesia. The mechanism of general anesthesia is unclear, intravenous anesthetics action, sites in the human body and how they act are still unclears.Propofol is an intravenous general anesthetic and a new short-acting intravenous anesthetic, which is fast in induction, safe and rapid in recovery, not accumulation when continuous is used. Now it has been widely used in anesthesia induction and maintenance anesthesia, also commonly used for sedation in the ICU and other wards, but the mechanism lead to loss of consciousness is not clear.Most scholars believe that the brain is the major site of propofol acts on, but the specific location requires further study; body under general anesthesia, many functions of central nervous system are inhibited, however, certain areas of the nervous system are still in functionally active state, indicating the existence of the sensitive target of general anesthetics in brain. With the continuous development of anesthesia, in recent years, it was discovered that immediate early gene c-Fos, in the central region can be transcribed immediately because of the stimulation to the c-Fos mRNA, Translated Fos proteins return to nuclear to regulate generation of other target genes, involve in the functional activity of the important brain signal transduction and regulation process, and is now a functional activity of the brain morphology of positioning markers.In this study, we observed behavioral changes, and scoring with scoring depth of anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of different doses of propofol; by immunohistochemical method, under general anesthesia by detecting the gene product protein Fos, further studied the mechanism of propofol intravenous anesthesia to clarify the relevant sensitive target in general anesthesia.MethordsKeeping tail anl cutting tail group.We needed 64 male SD rats.The weight was from 200 to 240g, which were supported by He Nan Province of the Experimental Animal Center, the rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=8):control group (C1 group, C2D group), propofol group (P1 group, P2 group, P3 group, P1D group, P2D group, P3D group).Statistical analysisExperimental data was as mean±standard deviation (x±s). We used software SPSS12.0 to analyze data. The comparison group we used time series analysis of variance. Pairwise comparison we used q test. We useχ2 test to count. The level test is a=0.05.Results1. The behavior scores:The P1 group was at 5 min, at 30 min, and at 1h. The commentary were all 4 points, then all rats were in a mild sedation.The P1 group was divided into 2 subcommentary at 5 min, which was in the alert state at 30 min and at 1h, the commentary were 4 points. They were all in a mild sedation.The P2 group, the commentary were 10 points at 5 min, they were in the transition state at 30 min, the commentary were 13 points and they were in the appropriate anesthesia, they were in transitional state at 1h and at 10 min. P2D group, the commentary were 5 points at 5min, the rats were in a mild sedation at 30 min, the commentary were 6 points, they were in a state of transition, they were divided into 5 sub-commentary at 1 h,and they were in a mild sedation. P3 group,the Commentary that were 13 points at 5 min, the rats were in appropriate anesthesia,at 30 min, the rats were divided into 15, the rats were in sub-commentary of deep anesthesia, the score was 10 in sub-commentary at 1h, the rats were in transition.P100D group showed that the commentary were10 points and were in the transition state at 5min, were divided into 14 points of commentary at 30 min, which were in appropriate anesthesia, they were divided into 10 point. They were in the transition state at 1h.2. The C1 group that it was showing a small amount of scattered distribution of Fos-IR positive neurons on cortex and hippocampus in the rat. The P1 group, the P2 group and the P3 group the central Fos-IR positive neurons of rats increasing significantly was compared with C1 group, and it was strongly positive expression of Fos-IR positive nuclei and brownish black, they were mainly in the cortex, hippocampus, amygdale, PV and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, with comparing the C1 group, there were significant differences (P<0.05), and the rats central Fos-IR positive neurons positively correlated with propofol dose. The P1 group, the P2 group and the P3 group were significantly different (P<0.05), the P2 group and the P1 group were significantly different (P<0.05). Tip cortex, hippocampus. Amygdala, PV, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and other nuclei may propofol anesthesia in the rat central action sites. The C1D Group, the P1D group, the P2D group and the P3D group rats central Fos-IR positive neurons were strongly positive expression. Fos-IR positive nuclei were brown-black, compared with C1 group was significantly increased. The C1D group major distribution of the amygdale and PV. The P1D group, the P2D group and P3Dgroup were mainly in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, amygdala and cortex. Hippocampus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and the amygdale apart of PV. And in the amygdala, thalamus paraventricular nucleus parts the C1D group, the P1D group, the P2D group,and the P3D group of each group Fos-IR masculine expression, compared the non-significance difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), but for each group above respectively with the P1, P2, P3 comparison was significant difference, both they were statistically significant (P< 0.05), tip the amygdala, thalamus paraventricular nuclei may participate in rats for broken tail exciting central reaction, the hypothalamus paraventricular nuclei, the C1 group namely saline groups in the functional stimulation, nuclear regiment C1d Fos protein didn't express, noxious stimuli group, the Fos protein expression of not only propofol role in the Fos groups have protein expression, it suggested that the hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus was propofol more specific role site.Conclusions1. The doses of aboving 30mg/kg, the propofol have sedation and analgesic action, and in the propofol dose have dose-response.2. The Rats brain cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus paraventricular nuclei, thalamus paraventricular nucleus and the amygdala Fos nucleoprotein expression and the propofol dose is dose dependen.And the hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus is propofol a specific role sites.3. The broken tail group rat's brain cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus Fos nucleoprotein expression and the propofol doses are dose dependent, the thalamus paraventricular nucleus and the amygdala are more closely related with pain. |
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