| Purpose of the Experiment: Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a common metabolic endocrine disease, which can be categorized into primary and secondary. Its pathophysiology performance is metabolic disorder syndrome which is caused by absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and increased glucagon activity. In addition to studies of metabolism disorder of sugar, fat and protein, the research on trace elements also gets much attention.Trace elements are very important nutrients which play important role in the cellular metabolism, biosynthesis and endocrine function in human body. Modern science has confirmed that diabetes has relationship to lack of essential trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium etc. In human body, these elements have a certain range of security and adaptation, and once the body is lack of these elements due to inadequate intake, imbalance of these elements in the body can lead to disorder of synthesis, secretion, transport of insuline, and links with the receptor is also out of oder, which then could cause diabetes. In addition, trace elements could combine with amino acids, proteins or other organic matter to form a variety of enzymes, vitamins, hormones in human body. With a high degree of biological activity and catalytic ability of biochemical reactions, the trace elements have close relationhsip to nutrient absorption, immune, genetic, endocrine, anti-infection and growth of human body.This study adopts STZ to replicate diabetic animal models and then intervine the model group through three different ways: taerobic exercise, mulberry leaves, mulberry leaves together with aerobic exercise in order to explore anti-diabetic effects in diabetic animal models after different ways of the intervention and influence on metabolism of trace elements and free radicals in kidney of diabetic rats. The purpose of this research is to provide new experimental evidence to prevention and treatment of diabetes through aerobic exercise combining with drugs.Experimental Mathods: Select randomly 10 rats among 50 Wistar male rats to be normal control group (N), and the remaining 40 were the diabetic model group. Model rats were injected 65mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to replicate diabetic animal models and the normal control group were injected with citrate buffer. After one week, rats in model group whose blood glucose were equal to or higher than 16.67mmol / l were divided into four groups: diabetic group (DM), diabetic aerobic exercise group (DMS); diabetic polysaccharide group (DMM); diabetic, aerobic exercise combined with mulberry leaf polysaccharide group (DMMS). At the end of the experiment, glucose, glycosylated serum protein, serum insulin, kidney tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), the trace elements iron (Fe), zinc ( Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) levels in the blood of the rats were detected, focusing on observation of anti-diabetic effect and influence on metabolism of trace elements and free radicals in kidneys of diabetic rats that were brought by aerobic exercise combined with polysaccharide. Experimental Results:1. Diabetic animal models who have similar characteristics with human diabetes can be successfully replicated through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 2 . During the experiment, group N gain weight obviously which was statistically significant (P <0.01). It does not have statistical significance that after the experiment the blood glucose levels changed in rats of group N when compared with the levels before the experiment. Compared with rats in Group N, Glu, Ins, GSP of diabetic rats changed significantly (P <0.01) and after three different means of intervention (aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise combined with polysaccharide and polysaccharide) Glu , Ins, GSP changed significantly (P <0.01 or P <0.05) which had statistical significance.3. Comparison of changes of MDA, SOD in kidney tissue of rats: compared with the group N, group DM had significant difference (P <0.01). After three different means of intervention, content of MAD and SOD activity showed a statistically significant change in model group (P <0.01 or P <0.05) and decreased tendency of MDA content is DMMS> DMM> DMS whereas the increased tendency of SOD activity is DMMS> DMM>DMS.4. Comparison of trace elements in kidneys of rats in each group: compared with the group N, trace elements Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr reduced significantly in the model group (P <0.01) whereas content of Cu increased very significant (P <0.01). Compared with group DM, content of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cr had significant increasing tendency in groups DMMS, DMM, DMS (P <0.05), but the content of Cu was very low (P <0.01).5. Trace elements and free radicals have close relationship and influence each other. |
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