Animal Experimental Study Of The Effect Of Diet And Exercise On The Blood Pressure And Body Weight Controlled

Objective: To evaluate the effect of diet and exercise on the blood pressure and body weight in the rats with obesity-related hypertension induced by high-fat dietMethods: 10 SD male rats at age 6 weeks were fed with basic diet as control, and 90 rats were fed with high-fat diet as the study group. The body weight, stem length, appetite and blood pressure of every rat were recorded per week. At the end of the 8th week, after the models rats induced by high-fat diet prepared successfully, the models were randomly assigned into five groups: obesity control group, coarse cereals diet group, refined grains diet group, fruit-vegetable beverages group and exercise group. After 8 weeks intervention, the weight and the naso-anal length of each rat was measured and Lee's index was calculated. After the rats were sacrificed, serum was collected to measure TC, TG , glucose, leptin, adiponectin and adrenaline. The greater omentum and vascular tissue were took to make paraffin sections and oil red O stain . The expressions of eNOS in the vascular endothelial cells were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: 1. Compared with control group, body weight, Lee's index and blood pressure were significantly increased in the study group after 8 week feeding with high-fat diet.2. At the end of the 8th week,according to the standard of body weight and blood pressure, there are 60 the models rats in obesity. 40 rats in obesity-related hypertension were prepared successfully, the obesity rate of the rats is 60% by high fat diet induced , the successfulness of the models with obesity-related hypertension is 40%.3. After 8 weeks intervention , compared with high fat diet group, the body weight and blood pressure were significantly decreased in coarse cereals diet group, fruit-vegetable beverages group and exercise group.Compared with refined grains diet group, the body weight and blood pressure was marked decreased t in the coarse cereals diet group. The body weight and blood pressure in fruit-vegetable beverages group had no obvious change with exercise group4. After interventions for 8 weeks, compared with high-fat diet group, serum TC, TG, Glu, leptin, adrenaline were decreased and adiponectin were increased in coarse cereals diet group . The serum biological changes of fruit-vegetable beverages group and exercise group are also similar with coarse cereals diet group, but the changes are not obvious.Serum TC, TG in the refined grains diet group were decreased , but other serum biological changes are no different with high-fat diet group.5.The results of oil red O stain of the greater omentum show that there was little lipid in coarse cereals diet group which was similar with fruit-vegetable beverages groupand exercise group; there was much lipid depositing in high-fat diet and refined grains diet groups.6. The expression of eNOS in coarse cereals diet group was more than other groups, and the expression in high-fat diet groups was less than other groups. The expression in fruit-vegetable beverages group had no difference with exerise group.Conclusion: 1. Experimental results showed that after 8 weeks of high-fat diet fed, 40% of rats were suffered from obesity-related hypertension, the long-term excessive high-fat diets is the direct reason of obesity-related hypertension.2. Intake of coarse cereals diet and fruit-vegetable beverages have good effect on the blood pressure and body weight controlled. Lifestyle interentions such as dietary intervention, moderate exercise for blood pressure weight control has good effect.3. Reasonable, healthy diet can improve the leptin-resistance,depression sympathetic nervous activity, increased expression of NOS in the vascular endothelial cells which are one of the mechanisms of blood pressure and body weight controlled.4. The finding of this study offers reference for reasonable, healthy diet , provide new research direction for the weight reducing heath food.