| Momordica charantia L. is the healthy vegetable that people often eat in daily life, taste of bitter cool, it has the effects of the heat and cool, diet and beauty, nourish and strong and so on. Momordica charantia L. contains a variety of nutrients, such as saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, amino acids, peptides and so on. Additionally, the domestic and foreign studies have shown that Momordica charantia L. saponins have the biological activities of lowering blood sugar, improving immune system, diminishing inflammation and bacteriostasis, antitumor and so on. In this paper, bitter gourd powder as the research object, a kind of bitter melon extract of saponin as the main component was obtained though the extraction, saparation and purification. And then the influence of the bitter melon extract on preventing tumor was researched by the tests in vivo and in vitro.Research contents of the paper mainly include the following aspects:1,The single factor and orthogonal tests on the hydrolysis conditions of pectinase + cellulase enzyme to rupture the bitter gourd cell wall were researched, and the optimum conditions were adding 600 u/g cellulase under the condition of extract time 5h, solid-liquid ratio 1:15,,50℃and pH 4.5; then adding petinase, under the condition of 50℃,6h and pH 4.5. Moreover, finally the purity of the bitter melon saponin reached 13.10% and polysacchaide content reached 12.82%. The compasition analysis showed that the purity of saponin was significantly higher than the purity of ethanol extraction in the extract of enzyme hydrolysis. And the qualitative analysis by UV spectroscopy showed that the extract contained both triterpenes saponins and steroidal saponins.2,Fermentation except sugar:Besides saponin component, there were many impurities such as protein, fat, reducing sugars, polysaccharides, pigments and others in bitter melon extract. First of all, the content of sugar substances were reduced by the way of biological fermentation, then by the rough, microfiltration and ultrafiltrations, obtain the bitter melon extract with fewer impurities and higher saponin composition. Finally, macroporons resin purification makes saponin purity above 60%.3,Immune action research:Through the animal test, the effect of bitter melon extract enhancing the immune function was evaluated. The mice immunity function measured by humoral immunity, cellular immunity and nonspecific immunity. The result showed that The Fed bitter melon extract was 1200mg/kg.d and 800mg/kg.d played a significant role in strengthening the immunity.4,Antitumor function:The vivo test results showed that the bitter melon extract could inhibit the S180 tumor cell growth and proliferate, the inhibition rate reached above 60% in 1200mg/kg.d doses, and the number of white blood cells of the bitter melon group was also larger significantly than that of the model group; in each group, lowed significantly. In 1200mg/kg.d doses could significantly the incidence of papilloma in mice, and the inhibition rate and the number of white blood cells were significantly higher than the model group; by measuring the enzyme activities of a lanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, no obvious effect.5,The study effect reducing weight:Using in vitro method through balsam pear saponin of pancreatic lipase and pancreatic amylase inhibition to evaluate the result reducing weight. Ba-lsam pear extract concentration of 10mg/mL, pancreatic lipase and pancreat-ic amylase inhibitory rates were 36% and 26.7%, Explain the inhibit enzym-es catalytic hydrolysis function. |
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