Comparison And Analysis On Health Status Of Pregnant Women And Food Habits Of Postpartum Women Between Urban And Rural Areas Of Shandong Province

Objective To compare and analyze the health status of pregnant women and food habits of women in puerperium between urban areas and rural areas, provide a scientific basis for improving the health status of pregnant women, correcting the mistakes about diet idea and behavior of postpartum women effectively.Methods Cluster random sampling method was used to extract 2448 women within one year after delivery from urban areas of Qingdao city and rural areas of Shen county as study objects,1248 women from urban areas and 1200 women from rural areas were included, all the women were investigated face to face retrospectively by the interviewers after training.Results The proportion of baby-friendly hospital delivery in urban areas was 96.21%, which was significantly higher than that in rural areas (86.49%) (p<0.05); the proportion of cesarean section in urban areas was 53.19%, which was significantly higher than that in rural areas (33.27%) (p<0.05); the proportion of overweight during puerperium in urban areas was 39.58%, which was significantly higher than that in rural areas (25.25%) (p<0.05);The proportion of urban women spent their puerperium time in their own home, her in-laws family home, her parents home respectively were 82.74%,11.43% and 5.75%, the rural women respectively were 78.04%,20.55% and 1.32%; the proportion of good appetite during puerperium in urban areas was 65.77%, which was significantly higher than that in rural areas (47.70%) (p<0.05); there were 66.98% of urban women who chose millet porridge as their first meal after delivery, and there were 32.10% of rural women who chose millet porridge as their first meal after had a birth; the highest proportion of main food for urban women during puerperium was grains(39.63%), and for rural women was eggs (71.28%); the three most popular food for urban women during puerperium were eggs, millet, vegetables, and for rural women were eggs, millet and brown sugar; there were 94.13% of urban women and 91.77% of rural women who think should taboo cold food in puerperium, there were 92.62% urban women and 91.40% rural women who think should taboo spicy food; urban women eat 249.03 grams of eggs a day on average during puerperium, which was significantly lower than rural women (511.27g) (p<0.05); urban women eat 586.51 grams of vegetables a day on average during puerperium, which was significantly higher than rural women (270.03g) (p<0.05); urban women eat 103.30 grams of fruits a day on average during puerperium, which was significantly higher than rural women (51.98g) (p<0.05); urban women eat 133.96 grams of milk a day on average during puerperium, which was significantly higher than rural women (40.48g) (p<0.05).Conclusion The proportion of overweight in urban areas during puerperium period is higher than that in rural areas, the proportion of cesarean section in urban and rural areas are both higher than the standard established by World Health Organization(15%), the dietary habits of urban and rural women have many differences, all of them have their own characteristics, the appetite and dietary structure of urban women are better than rural women. It is recommended to strengthen the women's health education to reduce the postpartum overweight rate and cesarean section rate; strengthen the women's eating behavior education to improve their diet structure and food habits.